Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/ Psychology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, The Generation R Study Group, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Appetite. 2019 Oct 1;141:104295. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.026. Epub 2019 May 22.
Only a few studies have prospectively examined stability of eating behaviors in childhood. These argue that eating behaviors are fairly stable from early childhood onwards, but knowledge on individual patterns across childhood is lacking. Here, we examined patterns of eating behaviors from ages 4-10 years in a population-based sample and aimed to identify parental and earlylife predictors of these patterns.
Participants were 3514 children from The Generation R Study with repeated assessments of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire at ages 4 and 10 years. Patterns of emotional overeating, food responsiveness, enjoyment of food and satiety responsiveness were studied with person-centered Latent Class Growth Analysis with the aim to identify sub-groups of children with distinct eating behavior patterns. Using univariate multinomial logistic and linear regression, parental and early life predictors of eating behavior patterns were examined.
We identified three patterns of emotional overeating (stable low (n = 2240); moderately increasing (n = 1028); strongly increasing (n = 246)) and five patterns of food responsiveness (stable low (n = 2343); high decreasing (n = 238); moderately increasing (n = 679); strongly increasing (n = 141); stable high (n = 113)) from 4 to 10 years. For enjoyment of food and satiety responsiveness a similar pattern was identified for all children. Obesogenic eating behavior patterns were associated with a higher birth weight and BMI, emotional and behavioral problems, maternal overweight/obesity and controlling feeding strategies.
This study suggests that children develop distinct patterns of emotional overeating and food responsiveness across childhood. Parental and early life predictors, particularly a higher weight status and psychiatric problems, are potential correlates of the development and maintenance of unhealthy eating behavior patterns across childhood. This knowledge might help identifying children at risk of developing obesogenic eating behaviors.
仅有少数研究前瞻性地检查了儿童时期进食行为的稳定性。这些研究认为，进食行为从幼儿期开始就相当稳定，但缺乏对整个儿童期个体模式的了解。在这里，我们在一个基于人群的样本中检查了 4-10 岁儿童的进食行为模式，并旨在确定这些模式的父母和早期生活预测因素。
参与者为来自 Generation R 研究的 3514 名儿童，在 4 岁和 10 岁时重复评估儿童饮食行为问卷。使用基于个体的潜在类别增长分析研究了情绪性暴食、食物反应性、对食物的享受和饱腹感反应的模式，目的是确定具有不同进食行为模式的儿童亚组。使用单变量多项逻辑回归和线性回归，检查了进食行为模式的父母和早期生活预测因素。
我们确定了三种情绪性暴食模式（稳定低水平（n=2240）；中度增加（n=1028）；强烈增加（n=246））和五种食物反应性模式（稳定低水平（n=2343）；高下降（n=238）；中度增加（n=679）；强烈增加（n=141）；稳定高水平（n=113））从 4 岁到 10 岁。对于对食物的享受和饱腹感反应，所有儿童都存在类似的模式。肥胖相关的进食行为模式与较高的出生体重和 BMI、情绪和行为问题、母亲超重/肥胖和控制喂养策略有关。
本研究表明，儿童在整个童年时期会发展出不同的情绪性暴食和食物反应性模式。父母和早期生活的预测因素，特别是较高的体重状况和精神健康问题，可能是整个儿童期不健康进食行为模式发展和维持的相关因素。这些知识可能有助于识别有发展肥胖相关进食行为风险的儿童。
