Social and Economic Survey Research Institute, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Psychol Med. 2020 May;50(7):1110-1120. doi: 10.1017/S0033291719000977. Epub 2019 May 28.
To estimate the lifetime prevalence and potential determinants of psychotic experience(s) (PEs) in the general population of Qatar - a small non-war afflicted, conservative, high-income, middle-eastern country with recent rapid urbanization including an influx of migrants.
A probability-based sample (n = 1353) of non-migrants and migrants were interviewed face-to-face and administered a 7-item psychosis screener adapted from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, the Kessler 6-item psychological distress scale, and the 5 items assessing odd (paranormal) beliefs and magical thinking (OBMT) from the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Using bivariate and logistic regression analyses, lifetime prevalence rates of PEs were estimated then compared before and after adjustment for socio-demographics, Arab ethnicity, psychological distress, and OBMT.
Prevalence of PEs was 27.9%. Visual hallucinations were most common (12.8%), followed by persecutory delusions (6.7%) and auditory hallucinations (6.9%). Ideas of reference (3.6%) were least prevalent. PEs were significantly higher in Arabs (34.7%) compared with non-Arabs (16.4%, p < 0.001) with the exception of ideas of reference and paranoid delusions. Female gender was associated with a higher prevalence of PEs in the Arab group only (p < 0.001). Prevalence of PEs was significantly higher among Arabs (48.8% v. 15.8%, p < 0.001) and non-Arabs (35.2% v. 7.3%, p < 0.001) with OBMT. Arab ethnicity (OR = 2.10, p = 0.015), psychological distress (OR = 2.29 p = 0.003), and OBMT (OR = 6.25, p < 0.001) were independently associated with PEs after adjustment for all variables.
Ethnicity, but not migration was independently associated with PEs. Evidence linking Arab ethnicity, female gender, and psychological distress to PEs through associations with OBMT was identified for future prospective investigations.
评估卡塔尔普通人群中精神病体验(PEs)的终身患病率和潜在决定因素 - 卡塔尔是一个小的非战争影响、保守的、高收入的中东国家,最近经历了快速的城市化,包括移民涌入。
采用基于概率的非移民和移民样本(n = 1353)进行面对面访谈,并使用从复合国际诊断访谈、凯斯勒 6 项心理困扰量表和评估奇异(超自然)信仰和神奇思维的 5 项 schizotypal 人格问卷改编的 7 项精神病筛查工具进行评估。使用双变量和逻辑回归分析,估计 PEs 的终身患病率,然后在调整社会人口统计学、阿拉伯种族、心理困扰和 OBMT 后进行比较。
PEs 的患病率为 27.9%。最常见的是幻觉(12.8%),其次是迫害妄想(6.7%)和听觉幻觉(6.9%)。观念关联(3.6%)最少见。阿拉伯人(34.7%)的 PEs 明显高于非阿拉伯人(16.4%,p <0.001),除了观念关联和迫害妄想。仅在阿拉伯组中,女性性别与 PEs 的患病率较高相关(p <0.001)。在阿拉伯人(48.8% v. 15.8%,p <0.001)和非阿拉伯人(35.2% v. 7.3%,p <0.001)中,OBMT 与 PEs 的患病率显著更高。调整所有变量后,阿拉伯种族(OR = 2.10,p = 0.015)、心理困扰(OR = 2.29,p = 0.003)和 OBMT(OR = 6.25,p <0.001)与 PEs 独立相关。
种族,但不是移民,与 PEs 独立相关。通过与 OBMT 的关联,确定了将阿拉伯种族、女性性别和心理困扰与 PEs 联系起来的证据,以便未来进行前瞻性研究。