Sripadmanabhan Indira Sridhar, Aravind Vaithilingam Chockalingam, Oruganti Kameswara Satya Prakash, Mohd Faizal, Rahman Saidur
School of Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor's, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019 May 20;9(5):773. doi: 10.3390/nano9050773.
A sustainable power source to meet the needs of energy requirement is very much essential in modern society as the conventional sources are depleting. Bioenergy, hydropower, solar, and wind are some of the well-established renewable energy sources that help to attain the need for energy at mega to gigawatts power scale. Nanogenerators based on nano energy are the growing technology that facilitate self-powered systems, sensors, and flexible and portable electronics in the booming era of IoT (Internet of Things). The nanogenerators can harvest small-scale energy from the ambient nature and surroundings for efficient utilization. The nanogenerators were based on piezo, tribo, and pyroelectric effect, and the first of its kind was developed in the year 2006 by Wang et al. The invention of nanogenerators is a breakthrough in the field of ambient energy-harvesting techniques as they are lightweight, easily fabricated, sustainable, and care-free systems. In this paper, a comprehensive review on fundamentals, performance, recent developments, and application of nanogenerators in self-powered sensors, wind energy harvesting, blue energy harvesting, and its integration with solar photovoltaics are discussed. Finally, the outlook and challenges in the growth of this technology are also outlined.
随着传统能源逐渐枯竭，现代社会迫切需要一种可持续的能源来满足能源需求。生物能源、水电、太阳能和风能是一些成熟的可再生能源，有助于在兆瓦到吉瓦的功率规模上满足能源需求。基于纳米能源的纳米发电机是一种不断发展的技术，在物联网蓬勃发展的时代，它推动了自供电系统、传感器以及灵活便携电子产品的发展。纳米发电机可以从周围环境中收集小规模能量，以实现高效利用。纳米发电机基于压电、摩擦电和热释电效应，其首个产品由王等人于2006年开发。纳米发电机的发明是环境能量收集技术领域的一项突破，因为它们重量轻、易于制造、可持续且无需维护。本文对纳米发电机的基本原理、性能、最新进展及其在自供电传感器、风能收集、蓝能收集以及与太阳能光伏集成方面的应用进行了全面综述。最后，还概述了该技术发展中的前景和挑战。
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