回顾性分析西澳大利亚地区（2015-2018 年）人类群体中的隐孢子虫种属，并出现了人源隐孢子虫 IfA12G1R5 亚型。
Retrospective analysis of Cryptosporidium species in Western Australian human populations (2015-2018), and emergence of the C. hominis IfA12G1R5 subtype.
机构信息
Vector and Waterborne Pathogens Research Group, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
出版信息
Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Sep;73:306-313. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.05.018. Epub 2019 May 27.
Cryptosporidium species are a major cause of diarrhoea worldwide. In the present study, a retrospective analysis of 109 microscopically Cryptosporidium-positive faecal specimens from Western Australian patients, collected between 2015 and 2018 was conducted. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA and the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene loci identified four Cryptosporidium species: C. hominis (86.2%, 94/109), C. parvum (11.0%, 12/109), C. meleagridis (1.8%, 2/109) and C. viatorum (0.9%, 1/109). Subtyping at the gp60 locus identified a total of 11 subtypes including the emergence of the previously rare C. hominis IfA12G1R5 subtype in 2017 as the dominant subtype (46.7%, 21/45). This subtype has also recently emerged as the dominant subtype in the United States but the reasons for its emergence are unknown. This is also the first report of C. viatorum in humans in Australia and a novel subtype (XVaA3g) was identified in the one positive patient.
隐孢子虫是世界范围内引起腹泻的主要原因。本研究对 2015 年至 2018 年间采集的来自西澳大利亚患者的 109 份经显微镜检查隐孢子虫阳性的粪便标本进行了回顾性分析。18S rRNA 和 60kDa 糖蛋白（gp60）基因座的序列分析鉴定出了四种隐孢子虫：人隐孢子虫（86.2%，94/109）、微小隐孢子虫（11.0%，12/109）、鸸鹋隐孢子虫（1.8%，2/109）和猕猴隐孢子虫（0.9%，1/109）。gp60 基因座的亚型分析共鉴定出 11 种亚型，包括 2017 年以前罕见的人隐孢子虫 IfA12G1R5 亚型的出现成为优势亚型（46.7%，21/45）。该亚型最近也在美国成为优势亚型，但原因尚不清楚。这也是澳大利亚首次在人类中发现猕猴隐孢子虫，在唯一的阳性患者中发现了一种新的亚型（XVaA3g）。
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