Fisher Emily, Gillam John, Upthegrove Rachel, Aldred Sarah, Wood Stephen J
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Early Interv Psychiatry. 2020 Apr;14(2):147-162. doi: 10.1111/eip.12833. Epub 2019 May 31.
Oxidative stress is strongly implicated in many psychiatric disorders, which has resulted in the development of new interventions to attempt to perturb this pathology. A great deal of attention has been paid to glutathione, which is the brain's dominant antioxidant and plays a fundamental role in removing free radicals and other reactive oxygen species. Measurement of glutathione concentration in the brain in vivo can provide information on redox status and potential for oxidative stress to develop. Glutathione might also represent a marker to assess treatment response.
This paper systematically reviews studies that assess glutathione concentration (measured using magnetic resonance spectroscopy) in various mental health conditions.
There is limited evidence showing altered brain glutathione concentration in mental disorders; the best evidence suggests glutathione is decreased in depression, but is not altered in bipolar disorder. The review then outlines the various methodological options for acquiring glutathione data using spectroscopy.
Analysis of the minimum effect size measurable in existing studies indicates that increased number of participants is required to measure subtle but possibly important differences and move the field forward.
氧化应激与多种精神疾病密切相关，这促使人们开发新的干预措施来试图改变这种病理状态。谷胱甘肽受到了广泛关注，它是大脑中主要的抗氧化剂，在清除自由基和其他活性氧物种方面发挥着重要作用。体内测量大脑中谷胱甘肽浓度可以提供有关氧化还原状态以及氧化应激发生可能性的信息。谷胱甘肽也可能是评估治疗反应的一个标志物。
本文系统回顾了评估各种心理健康状况下谷胱甘肽浓度（使用磁共振波谱法测量）的研究。
仅有有限的证据表明精神障碍患者大脑中的谷胱甘肽浓度发生了改变；最有力的证据表明抑郁症患者的谷胱甘肽浓度降低，但双相情感障碍患者的谷胱甘肽浓度没有变化。该综述随后概述了使用波谱法获取谷胱甘肽数据的各种方法选择。
对现有研究中可测量的最小效应量进行分析表明，需要增加参与者数量来测量细微但可能重要的差异，从而推动该领域的发展。
