College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2019 Sep;231:487-494. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.132. Epub 2019 May 19.
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have become an important class of global environmental contaminants, yet their vertical profile in the marine water column is still less understood, especially for the semi-closed seas. In this study, the contamination level and spatial distribution of 8 PFASs were investigated in both surface and vertical water samples from two semi-closed seas, the Japan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Similar levels and compositions of PFASs were found between these two seas. The vertical profile of PFASs in the Mediterranean Sea was variable while that was relatively steady in the Japan Sea, probably due to their different pollution sources. The accumulation rate of PFASs from the East China Sea to the Japan Sea was calculated, for which perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid were found to have high accumulation potency in both surface and deep water; most of the investigated PFASs were accumulated in the deep water due to the long residence time while they were more likely to escape to the Pacific Ocean in the surface water. This work aimed (i) to study the distribution of PFASs in both surface and vertical water samples in two semi-closed seas, namely the Japan Sea and for the first time the Mediterranean Sea, (ii) to assess the temporal trend in the Japan Sea, and (iii) to firstly investigate the potential transport of PFASs from the East China Sea and Taiwan Strait in order to estimate the inventory of PFASs in whole water mass in the Japan Sea.
全氟烷基物质 (PFASs) 已成为一类重要的全球性环境污染物，但它们在海洋水柱中的垂直分布仍知之甚少，尤其是在半封闭海域。本研究调查了两个半封闭海域（日本海和地中海）的表层和垂直水样中 8 种 PFASs 的污染水平和空间分布。这两个海域的 PFASs 水平和组成相似。地中海的 PFASs 垂直分布具有多变性，而日本海则相对稳定，这可能是由于它们的污染来源不同。计算了从东海到日本海的 PFASs 积累速率，发现全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸在表层和深层水中都具有高积累能力；由于停留时间长，大部分研究的 PFASs 都积累在深层水中，而在表层水中它们更有可能逃到太平洋。本研究旨在：(i) 首次在两个半封闭海域（日本海和地中海）的表层和垂直水样中研究 PFASs 的分布；(ii) 评估日本海的时间趋势；(iii) 首次研究 PFASs 从东海和台湾海峡的潜在传输，以估算整个日本海水体中 PFASs 的存量。
