School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Aug 15;135:677-690. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.206. Epub 2019 May 29.
The current industrial revolution signifies the high-value of biocatalysis engineering. Over the past decade, multiple micro- and nanostructured materials have been attempted for immobilization of enzymes to improve their catalytic properties. Conventional immobilization strategies result in improved stability, while insolubilized enzymes generally lost their activity compared to free counterparts. Recently, a new generation organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with unique properties have received great attention as a novel and incentive immobilization approach owing to their simple fabrication, high biocatalytic efficiency, and enzyme stabilizing capability. The hybrid nanoflowers biocatalytic system implicates metal ions and biomolecules (enzymes). In contrast to free or conventionally immobilized enzymes, single enzyme or multi enzyme-incorporated flowers-like hybrid nanoconstructs demonstrated elevated catalytic activities and stabilities over a very broader range of experimental conditions, i.e., pHs, temperatures and salt concentration. This review discusses the recent developments in the fabrication strategies to diversifying nanoflowers, types, characteristics, and applications of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers as a host platform to engineer different kinds of enzymes with requisite functionalities for biocatalysis applications in different sectors of the modern world. Based on experimental and theoretical literature data, the review is wrapped up with concluding remarks and an outlook in terms of upcoming challenges and prospects for their scale-up applications.
当前的工业革命标志着生物催化工程的高价值。在过去的十年中，已经尝试了多种微纳米结构材料来固定酶以提高其催化性能。传统的固定化策略可提高稳定性，而与游离酶相比，固定化酶通常会失去活性。最近，具有独特性质的新一代有机-无机杂化纳米花作为一种新型的、激励性的固定化方法受到了极大的关注，因为它们具有简单的制造、高生物催化效率和酶稳定能力。杂化纳米花生物催化体系涉及金属离子和生物分子（酶）。与游离酶或传统固定化酶相比，单酶或多酶掺入的花状杂化纳米结构在更广泛的实验条件下，即 pH 值、温度和盐浓度下，表现出更高的催化活性和稳定性。本文综述了近年来在制备策略方面的最新进展，这些策略可多样化纳米花的种类、类型、特性和应用，将有机-无机杂化纳米花作为一种宿主平台，用于工程化具有不同功能的各种酶，以应用于现代世界不同领域的生物催化。基于实验和理论文献数据，本文以即将面临的挑战和扩大应用的前景为展望，对其进行了总结。
