Matey J M, Moreno de Simon M D, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G
Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), Ministry of Justice, Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Chemistry and Drugs, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), Ministry of Justice, Las Rozas de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Forensic Sci Int. 2019 Aug;301:447-454. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.039. Epub 2019 May 8.
This work has shown that it is a valid method for determining ketamine, norketamine and amphetamines derivates in hair samples of forensic cases. This method was validated meeting the criteria of sensitivity and accuracy for detecting repeated consumption of ketamine in hair samples of forensic interest, according to the proposed cut-off for ketamine of 0.5 ng/mg. The detection of norketamine allowed discriminating between active uses and external contamination. The assessed method was applied for analyzing 1189 hair samples of judicial interest received in the INTCF along 15 months, obtaining 62 positive in ketamine consumption. This means a 5.2% of positivity. Ketamine consumers present a profile of young age (21-30 years old), polydrug use with consumption of synthetic substances preferably MDMA and, then, amphetamine. As consumer is collective, prone to consume new psychoactive substances, requires special attention due to they show a consumer profile with higher prevalence in MDMA than amphetamine, indicating that ketamine consumers belong to a subgroup with a different profile within the INTCF casuistry. The results of the exercises of the proficiency tests performed satisfactorily in all cases. In conclusion, it is a suitable method also to evaluate the chronic consumption of ketamine, in addition to amphetamines in the same method of analysis.
这项工作表明，它是一种测定法医案件毛发样本中氯胺酮、去甲氯胺酮和苯丙胺衍生物的有效方法。根据提议的氯胺酮截断值0.5 ng/mg，该方法经验证符合检测法医感兴趣的毛发样本中氯胺酮重复使用的灵敏度和准确性标准。去甲氯胺酮的检测有助于区分主动使用和外部污染。在15个月内，将评估的方法应用于分析INTCF收到的1189份具有司法意义的毛发样本，发现62份氯胺酮消费呈阳性。这意味着阳性率为5.2%。氯胺酮消费者呈现出年轻（21 - 30岁）、多药滥用的特征，尤其偏好使用合成物质如摇头丸，其次是苯丙胺。由于消费者群体倾向于消费新型精神活性物质，且他们显示出摇头丸消费患病率高于苯丙胺的消费特征，因此需要特别关注，这表明氯胺酮消费者在INTCF案例中属于具有不同特征的亚组。在所有情况下，能力验证测试的结果都令人满意。总之，除了在同一分析方法中检测苯丙胺外，它也是一种评估氯胺酮长期消费的合适方法。
