Schwarzkopf Kathleen, Straus Doris, Porschke Hildburg, Znoj Hansjörg, von Känel Roland
Department of Neurology Inselspital Bern University Hospital Switzerland Department of Neurology.
Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy University of Bern Switzerland Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy.
Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2019 Jun;65(2):183-197. doi: 10.13109/zptm.2019.65.2.183.
: There is an ongoing debate as to whether job burnout and depression are overlapping concepts or differ from each other, although this has not been scrutinized in inpatients. To further elucidate the robustness of this relationship, we used three different measurements of depression. We further examined the influence of psychological distress, perceived stress and sleep quality in the link between depressive symptoms and burnout. : We investigated 723 consecutive inpatients, aged 23 to 82 years, 51.2 % women, referred to a hospital specialized in the treatment of job stress-related disorders. Patients completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. : We found significant correlations between burnout total scores as well as subscales (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, lack of accomplishment) and depressive symptoms, virtually independent of the applied depression measure. The shared variance ranged between 1.1 % and 19.4 %. Greater levels of burnout were directly associated with cognitiveaffective symptoms and, although to a lesser extent, also with somatic-affective symptoms of depression. In the multivariable analysis, significantly more total burnout symptoms were revealed in more depressed and younger patients, in men than women, and in employees with greater levels of psychological distress and perceived stress, respectively. : The findings suggest that although burnout and depression do not represent the same psychopathology, there is considerable overlap between the two constructs; the extent of this overlap may vary depending upon the applied depression measure.
关于职业倦怠和抑郁症是重叠概念还是彼此不同，目前仍存在争议，尽管这一点在住院患者中尚未得到仔细研究。为了进一步阐明这种关系的稳固性，我们使用了三种不同的抑郁症测量方法。我们还进一步研究了心理困扰、感知压力和睡眠质量在抑郁症状与职业倦怠之间的联系中所起的作用。我们调查了723名连续入院的患者，年龄在23岁至82岁之间，女性占51.2%，这些患者来自一家专门治疗与工作压力相关疾病的医院。患者完成了马氏职业倦怠量表、贝克抑郁量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、简明症状量表、感知压力量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数。我们发现职业倦怠总分以及各子量表（情感耗竭、去个性化、成就感低落）与抑郁症状之间存在显著相关性，几乎与所应用的抑郁测量方法无关。共同方差在1.1%至19.4%之间。更高程度的职业倦怠与认知情感症状直接相关，并且在较小程度上也与抑郁的躯体情感症状相关。在多变量分析中，抑郁程度更高、更年轻的患者、男性而非女性以及心理困扰和感知压力水平更高的员工分别表现出明显更多的职业倦怠症状。研究结果表明，尽管职业倦怠和抑郁症并不代表相同的精神病理学，但这两个概念之间存在相当大的重叠；这种重叠的程度可能因所应用的抑郁测量方法而异。
