Martin Zachary T, Schlaff Rebecca A, Hemenway Jade K, Coulter Jillian R, Knous Jeremy L, Lowry John E, Ode Joshua J
Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, Saginaw Valley State University, University Center, MI, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2019 May 1;12(2):764-776. doi: 10.70252/MGCY6653. eCollection 2019.
Forty-seven percent of volunteer firefighter line of duty deaths are caused by cardiovascular events. Aggressive cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor reduction and improved physical fitness could reduce CVD mortality within this population. We assessed CVD risk factors and physical fitness in a large cohort of volunteer firefighters to help establish a health and fitness profile of this population, which may serve as evidence for the need to initiate programs aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality caused by CVD in the volunteer fire service. Seventy-four male volunteer firefighters were assessed for eight CVD risk factors and anthropometric characteristics. Physical fitness was assessed via push-ups, sit-ups, and the YMCA step test. Sixty-eight percent of the firefighters had two or more CVD risk factors. The sample was considered obese via body fat percentage (25.3 ± 5.7%), 27% were hypertensive, 30% had hypercholesterolemia, and 46% were sedentary. The average number of sit-ups performed was 27.3 ± 10.5, which was ranked in the 25 percentile. The average heart rate after the YMCA step test was 160.2 ± 14.6 bpm, which was ranked very poor. The number of CVD risk factors and poor physical fitness in this cohort of volunteer firefighters was noteworthy. Most volunteer firefighters in our sample were at elevated risk for CVD and had inadequate physical fitness. This evidence conveys the need to initiate physical activity and nutrition outreach programs, led by health and fitness professionals, aimed at reducing firefighter morbidity and mortality within the volunteer fire service.
47%的志愿消防员因公殉职是由心血管事件导致的。积极降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素并改善身体健康状况，可降低该人群的CVD死亡率。我们评估了一大群志愿消防员的CVD风险因素和身体健康状况，以帮助建立该人群的健康和体能概况，这可为启动旨在降低志愿消防部门中由CVD导致的发病率和死亡率的项目提供依据。对74名男性志愿消防员的8种CVD风险因素和人体测量特征进行了评估。通过俯卧撑、仰卧起坐和基督教青年会台阶试验评估身体健康状况。68%的消防员有两种或更多CVD风险因素。通过体脂百分比（25.3±5.7%）来看，该样本被认为肥胖，27%的人患有高血压，30%的人有高胆固醇血症，46%的人久坐不动。仰卧起坐的平均完成数量为27.3±10.5个，处于第25百分位。基督教青年会台阶试验后的平均心率为160.2±14.6次/分钟，排名非常差。这群志愿消防员中的CVD风险因素数量和较差的身体健康状况值得关注。我们样本中的大多数志愿消防员患CVD的风险较高且身体健康状况不佳。这一证据表明需要由健康和健身专业人员牵头开展体育活动和营养推广项目，以降低志愿消防部门中消防员的发病率和死亡率。
