Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development (NCIHD), Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds LS2 9NL, UK.
African Population and Health Research Center, APHRC Campus, Nairobi, Kenya.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Dec;22(17):3200-3210. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019001204. Epub 2019 Jun 4.
To assess the effect of rural-to-urban migration on nutrition transition and overweight/obesity risk among women in Kenya.
Secondary analysis of data from nationally representative cross-sectional samples. Outcome variables were women's BMI and nutrition transition. Nutrition transition was based on fifteen different household food groups and was adjusted for socio-economic and demographic characteristics. Stepwise backward multiple ordinal regression analysis was applied.
Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014.
Rural non-migrant, rural-to-urban migrant and urban non-migrant women aged 15-49 years (n 6171).
Crude data analysis showed rural-to-urban migration to be associated with overweight/obesity risk and nutrition transition. After adjustment for household wealth, no significant differences between rural non-migrants and rural-to-urban migrants for overweight/obesity risk and household consumption of several food groups characteristic of nutrition transition (animal-source, fats and sweets) were observed. Regardless of wealth, migrants were less likely to consume main staples and legumes, and more likely to consume fruits and vegetables. Identified predictive factors of overweight/obesity among migrant women were age, duration of residence in urban area, marital status and household wealth.
Our analysis showed that nutrition transition and overweight/obesity risk among rural-to-urban migrants is apparent with increasing wealth in urban areas. Several predictive factors were identified characterising migrant women being at risk for overweight/obesity. Future research is needed which investigates in depth the association between rural-to-urban migration and wealth to address inequalities in diet and overweight/obesity in Kenya.
评估肯尼亚农村向城市移民对女性营养转型和超重/肥胖风险的影响。
对全国代表性横断面样本数据的二次分析。结果变量为女性的 BMI 和营养转型。营养转型基于 15 种不同的家庭食品组，并根据社会经济和人口统计学特征进行了调整。采用逐步向后多元有序回归分析。
肯尼亚 2014 年人口与健康调查。
15-49 岁的农村非移民、农村向城市移民和城市非移民妇女（n=6171）。
粗数据分析显示，农村向城市移民与超重/肥胖风险和营养转型有关。在调整家庭财富后，农村非移民和农村向城市移民之间在超重/肥胖风险和家庭对几种营养转型特征的食物组（动物源、脂肪和甜食）的消费方面没有显著差异。无论财富如何，移民食用主食和豆类的可能性较低，而食用水果和蔬菜的可能性较高。移民妇女超重/肥胖的预测因素包括年龄、在城市地区的居住时间、婚姻状况和家庭财富。
我们的分析表明，随着城市地区财富的增加，农村向城市移民的营养转型和超重/肥胖风险明显。确定了一些预测因素，这些因素表明移民妇女面临超重/肥胖的风险。需要进一步研究农村向城市移民和财富之间的关系，以解决肯尼亚饮食和超重/肥胖方面的不平等问题。
