College of Business, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
Yangtze River Economic Zone Research Institution of RUC, Yibin, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 1;10:920233. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.920233. eCollection 2022.
The deterioration of the living environment caused by the earthquake is the main migration motivation of residents in the area of the secondary earthquake disaster, and their migration intention is one of the most important factors affecting residents' happiness. This paper uses 957 effective survey samples from 12 secondary geological disaster areas after the Wenchuan earthquake to research the migration intention of residents and its influencing factors. It can be found that 45.2% of residents are willing to migrate, which means they have an instinctive reaction to profit-seeking and harm-avoiding, but it has not become a realistic choice. Investigation facts and research results show that the instinctive response of profit-seeking and harm-avoiding drives residents to make different choices. The migration of residents in areas where secondary geological disasters occur is affected not only by disasters such as debris flow, landslides, and collapse, but also by many factors such as life convenience, family income, expectations for future life, gender, education level, psychological feeling. The improved life and the optimization of the economic conditions brought about by the success of post-disaster reconstruction have made the vast majority of people more confident in the future of the disaster-stricken areas, which made most people choose to stay in those areas. This paper will provide policy suggestions for residents' migration and the reconstruction of the local social governance system in secondary geological disaster areas, which is helpful to improve ecological livability and residents' happiness in the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area.
地震导致的生活环境恶化是灾区居民迁移的主要动力，而迁移意愿是影响居民幸福感的最重要因素之一。本文利用汶川地震后 12 个次生地质灾害区的 957 个有效调查样本，研究了居民的迁移意愿及其影响因素。研究发现，45.2%的居民愿意迁移，这意味着他们有一种本能的趋利避害反应，但尚未成为现实选择。调查事实和研究结果表明，趋利避害的本能反应驱使居民做出不同的选择。次生地质灾害区居民的迁移不仅受到泥石流、滑坡、崩塌等灾害的影响，还受到生活便利性、家庭收入、对未来生活的期望、性别、教育水平、心理感受等诸多因素的影响。灾后重建取得的改善生活和优化经济条件使绝大多数人对灾区的未来更加充满信心，这使得大多数人选择留在灾区。本文将为次生地质灾害区居民迁移和当地社会治理体系重建提供政策建议，有助于提高汶川地震灾区的生态宜居性和居民幸福感。
