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现实世界的问题为何悬而未决以及我们对此能做些什么:基于成功智力的有限资源模型的推断

Why Real-World Problems Go Unresolved and What We Can Do about It: Inferences from a Limited-Resource Model of Successful Intelligence.

作者信息

Sternberg Robert J

机构信息

Department of Human Development, College of Human Ecology, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

出版信息

J Intell. 2018 Sep 13;6(3):44. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence6030044.

DOI:10.3390/jintelligence6030044
PMID:31162471
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6480790/
Abstract

In this article I suggest why a symposium is desirable on the topic of why, despite worldwide increases in IQ since the beginning of the 20th century, there are so many unresolved and dramatic problems in the world. I briefly discuss what some of these problems are, and the paradox of people with higher IQs not only being unable to solve them, but in some cases people being unwilling to address them. I suggest that higher IQ is not always highly relevant to the problems, and in some cases, may displace other skills that better would apply to the solution of the problems. I present a limited-resource model as an adjunct to the augmented theory of successful intelligence. The model suggests that increasing societal emphases on analytical abilities have displaced development and utilization of other skills, especially creative, practical, and wisdom-based ones, that better could be applied to serious world problems. I also discuss the importance of cognitive inoculation against unscrupulous and sometimes malevolent attempts to change belief systems.

摘要

在本文中,我提出了为何有必要就一个主题举办一场研讨会,即为何尽管自20世纪初以来全球智商有所提高,但世界上仍存在如此多未解决的重大问题。我简要讨论了其中一些问题是什么,以及智商较高的人不仅无法解决这些问题,而且在某些情况下人们甚至不愿去解决这些问题的矛盾之处。我认为,较高的智商并不总是与这些问题高度相关,在某些情况下,可能会取代其他更适用于解决问题的技能。我提出了一个资源有限模型,作为成功智力增强理论的补充。该模型表明,社会对分析能力的日益重视已经取代了其他技能的发展和利用,尤其是创造性、实用性和基于智慧的技能,而这些技能本可以更好地应用于解决严重的世界问题。我还讨论了认知接种的重要性,以抵御改变信仰体系的肆无忌惮甚至恶意的企图。