Ellison G
Department of Psychology, UCLA 90024.
Physiol Behav. 1987;40(3):387-92. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90066-7.
Several experiments are reviewed in which rats housed in semi-naturalistic colony environments and given access to ad lib water and 10% ethanol have been discovered to show rhythms of alcohol consumption which do not develop in caged isolates and which are similar to those which develop in human populations. Of special interest is a sub-population of animals which develop extreme preferences for alcohol, for these animals are also found, compared to nonconsumers, to be relatively inactive and low in dominance. It is hypothesized that social factors play a strong role in the development of human alcoholism.
本文回顾了多项实验，实验中发现，饲养在半自然群居环境中、可随意饮水并能摄取10%乙醇的大鼠，会表现出饮酒节律，而笼养的隔离大鼠则不会出现这种节律，且该节律与人类群体中出现的节律相似。特别有趣的是，有一部分动物对酒精产生了极端偏好，与不饮酒的动物相比，这些动物相对不活跃且在群体中处于较低的主导地位。据推测，社会因素在人类酒精中毒的发展中起着重要作用。
