University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Oct 10;686:568-579. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.219. Epub 2019 May 19.
Value waste chain generates a significant amount of different agricultural wastes, co-products and by-products (AWCB) that occur during three major stages of a complex path, from farm to fork. This paper presents stages where and how waste occurs along the path from the ground to the table for a period of 7 years, from 2010 to 2016 in the 28 member countries of the European Union (EU28). Considering the specific conditions of the EU28 community, four different sectors with 26 commodities and waste types that occur in those sectors were analysed: 5 commodities in the Fruit sector, 10 commodities in the Vegetable sector, 7 commodities in the Cereal sector and 4 commodities in the Animal sector. The analysis consists of three stages of waste appearance: production (harvesting, farming), processing and consumption (raw, uncooked food). Production data were taken from Eurostat, import and export data were taken from FAOSTAT. Methodology and calculations consist of relations between specific values. Those specific values for every commodity are the production data, import and export data, and consumption of raw food by the inhabitants of a country. Total consumption of raw food by inhabitant is calculated from the specific consumption per capita and population. The results of the study showed that from 2010 to 2016 in the EU28 the estimated quantity of the AWCB appeared to be around 18.4 billion tonnes, with the sector percentages as follows: Animal ~31%, Vegetable ~44%, Cereal ~22% and Fruit ~2%. In the Animal sector, the most dominant were developed countries, with high population density and high level of industrialisation. The Cereal, Fruit and Vegetable sectors have shown to generate higher AWCB quantities in the countries with more available land area and appropriate climate conditions.
价值链会产生大量不同的农业废弃物、副产物和副产品（AWCB），这些废弃物在从农场到餐桌的复杂路径的三个主要阶段产生。本文介绍了从地面到餐桌的路径上各个阶段的废弃物产生情况以及 2010 年至 2016 年期间在欧盟 28 个成员国中这些废弃物的产生情况，共 7 年。考虑到欧盟 28 共同体的具体情况，分析了四个不同部门的 26 种商品和废弃物类型：水果部门 5 种商品，蔬菜部门 10 种商品，谷物部门 7 种商品，动物部门 4 种商品。分析包括三个阶段的废弃物出现情况：生产（收获、耕作）、加工和消费（生的、未煮的食物）。生产数据取自 Eurostat，进出口数据取自 FAOSTAT。方法和计算包括特定值之间的关系。每种商品的特定值是生产数据、进出口数据以及该国居民食用生食物的数据。通过特定的人均消费和人口计算出居民的生食物总消费。研究结果表明，2010 年至 2016 年期间，欧盟 28 成员国的 AWCB 估计量约为 184 亿吨，各部门的占比如下：动物部门31%，蔬菜部门44%，谷物部门22%，水果部门2%。在动物部门，发达国家的占比最高，这些国家人口密度高，工业化水平高。谷物、水果和蔬菜部门在土地面积和气候条件适宜的国家产生了更多的 AWCB。
