Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, 16220 Cuenca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jun 10;16(11):2053. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112053.
This present study evaluates three isolates of Trichoderma as plant growth promoting or biological control agents: f. sp. , Trichoderma , and the marine isolate obtained from , Trichoderma The purpose is to contribute to an overall reduction in pesticide residues in the fruit and the environment and to a decrease in chemical fertilizers, the excess of which aggravates one of the most serious abiotic stresses, salinity. The tolerance of the different isolates to increasing concentrations of sodium chloride was evaluated in vitro, as well as their antagonistic capacity against Pythium ultimum. The plant growth promoting capacity and effects of strains on the severity of on melon seedlings under saline conditions were also analysed. The results reveal that the three isolates of , regardless of their origin, alleviate the stress produced by salinity, resulting in larger plants with an air-dry weight percentage above 80% in saline stress conditions for , or an increase in root-dry weight close to 50% when f. sp. was applied. Likewise, the three isolates showed antagonistic activity against , reducing the incidence of the disease, with the highest response found for . Biological control of by f. sp. and is reported for the first time, reducing disease severity by 62.96% and 51.85%, respectively. This is the first description of f. sp. as a biological control agent and growth promoter. The application of these isolates can be of enormous benefit to horticultural crops, in both seedbeds and greenhouses.
本研究评估了三种木霉属真菌（Trichoderma）作为植物生长促进剂或生物防治剂： f. sp. 、 Trichoderma 和从 获得的海洋分离物 。目的是为了减少水果和环境中的农药残留，并减少化肥的使用，过量的化肥会加剧最严重的非生物胁迫之一——盐胁迫。本研究在体外评估了不同分离物对氯化钠浓度增加的耐受性，以及它们对腐霉属（Pythium ultimum）的拮抗能力。还分析了菌株在盐胁迫条件下对甜瓜幼苗 发病严重程度的影响。结果表明，这三种分离物（不论其来源如何）均能缓解盐胁迫，使植物在盐胁迫条件下生长得更大，空气干燥重量百分比超过 80%，或当应用 f. sp. 时，根干重增加近 50%。此外，这三种分离物对腐霉属（Pythium ultimum）表现出拮抗活性，降低了发病率，其中对 f. sp. 的反应最高。本研究首次报道了 f. sp. 对 的生物防治作用，其防治效果分别为 62.96%和 51.85%。这是首次描述 f. sp. 作为生物防治剂和生长促进剂的作用。这些分离物的应用对温室和苗床中的园艺作物具有巨大的益处。
