Ramos M C
University of Virginia, Charlottesville.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1987 Oct;10(1):19-26. doi: 10.1097/00012272-198710000-00007.
Appropriately, the state of the art of nursing is in constant review. Philosophy of science, particularly the work of Thomas Kuhn, has traditionally provided the criteria upon which these introspective evaluative processes are based. More recent developments in philosophy of science have introduced alternative models, such as Toulmin's evolutionary model, which might yield a more cogent, optimistic assessment of theoretical progress within nursing. Specific shortcomings of Kuhn's model and possible advantages of one evolutionary model are explored with comparative outcomes presented. Evidence of emerging evaluative criteria within nursing is also explicated.
恰如其分地，护理领域的技术水平一直在不断审视之中。科学哲学，尤其是托马斯·库恩的著作，传统上为这些内省式评估过程提供了依据标准。科学哲学领域的最新发展引入了其他模型，如图尔敏的进化模型，该模型可能会对护理领域的理论进展产生更有说服力、更乐观的评估。本文探讨了库恩模型的具体缺陷以及一种进化模型可能具有的优势，并给出了比较结果。还阐述了护理领域中正在出现的评估标准的证据。
