Mostafavi Farideh, Moradi Ghobad, Azadi Namamali, Esmaeilnasab Nader, Roshani Daem
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2019 May 17;10:83. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_222_17. eCollection 2019.
Low physical activity (PA) is increasing public health problem. The present study aimed to determine socioeconomic inequality in PA among children aged 10-12 years old in Kurdistan, west of Iran in 2015.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 2506 children aged 10-12 in Sanandaj, Iran, in 2015. Data on the children's level of PA were collected using the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire. The concentration index was used to measure inequality and the Oaxaca decomposition to examine the different determinants of the inequality. The data were analyzed in Stata 13 and SPSS 20.
Of the 2506 participants, 40.90% (38.97-42.82) had insufficient PA. Girls had a lower level of PA than boys (odds ratio [OR] = 0.34; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.28-0.41) and it is directly related to maternal education (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.18-2.47), the family's Socioeconomic status (SES) (OR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.56-3.05), and the place of residence (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.16-2.44). The concentration index for insufficient PA was -0.25 (95 CI: -0.30 to -0.21), revealing an insufficient PA in the group with a low SES. The prevalence of insufficient PA is 51.38% (95% CI: 48.45-54.31) in poor group and 28.40% (95% CI: 22.80-33.99) in the wealthier group. The Oaxaca decomposition showed maternal education and the place of residence was the most important determinants of inequality.
According to the findings, most of the children especially in the poor groups didn't have sufficient PA and socioeconomic factors could have the important role.
低体力活动（PA）是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在确定2015年伊朗西部库尔德斯坦地区10至12岁儿童中PA的社会经济不平等情况。
本横断面研究于2015年在伊朗萨南达季对2506名10至12岁儿童进行。使用可修改活动问卷收集儿童PA水平的数据。浓度指数用于衡量不平等情况，奥瓦卡分解用于检验不平等的不同决定因素。数据在Stata 13和SPSS 20中进行分析。
在2506名参与者中，40.90%（38.97 - 42.82）的人PA不足。女孩的PA水平低于男孩（优势比[OR] = 0.34；95%置信区间[CI]：0.28 - 0.41），并且与母亲教育程度（OR = 1.71；95% CI：1.18 - 2.47）、家庭社会经济地位（SES）（OR = 2.18；95% CI：1.56 - 3.05）以及居住地点（OR = 1.68；95% CI：1.16 - 2.44）直接相关。PA不足的浓度指数为 -0.25（95 CI： -0.30至 -0.21），表明社会经济地位低的群体中PA不足。贫困组PA不足的患病率为51.38%（95% CI：48.45 - 54.31），富裕组为28.40%（95% CI：22.80 - 33.99）。奥瓦卡分解表明母亲教育程度和居住地点是不平等的最重要决定因素。
根据研究结果，大多数儿童尤其是贫困组儿童没有足够的PA，社会经济因素可能起到重要作用。
