Baicalin improves intestinal microecology and abnormal metabolism induced by high-fat diet.

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by the gut microbiota and are beneficial to the health of the body. Insufficient SCFAs productions are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We used a long-term high-fat diet to simulate the pathogenesis of T2D and studied the effects of baicalin on gut microbiota and metabolites in mice as well as its mechanism, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of T2D. Baicalin groups were given 200 mg/kg/day, and control groups were given an equal volume of 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution for 15 weeks. 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequences was performed to evaluate the gut microbiota composition, and gas chromatography was used to detect SCFAs in stool samples in the different experimental groups. The abundance of gut microbiota in the high-fat model group was altered, and was associated with a decreased production of SCFAs. The microbiota abundance of the baicalin group was closer to that of the control group, increasing the population of SCFA-producing bacteria spp and improving metabolic syndrome, including abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism caused by a high-fat diet. Baicalin may improve abnormalities in glycolipid metabolism by affecting the production of SCFAs.