Sir-Ondo-Enguier Pater Noster, Ngoungou Edgard Brice, Nghomo Yves-Noel, Boundenga Larson, Moupiga-Ndong Priscille, Ibinga Euloge, Deparis Xavier, Lékana-Douki Jean-Bernard
UMR 912 Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de I'Information Médicale, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.
Unité, Evolution, Épidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville - CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon.
Infect Dis Rep. 2019 May 23;11(1):7701. doi: 10.4081/idr.2019.7701. eCollection 2019 Feb 26.
Measles is a respiratory disease caused by the measles virus (MV) belonging to the family and the genus. Due to a failure in maintaining immunization coverage in some countries, measles is a re-emerging disease in the human population, especially in Africa. The aim of this study was to describe a measles epidemic in Gabon. At first, a syndromic surveillance was set up. Blood samples from febrile patients with maculopapular rash were taken and sent to the measles reference center in Cameroon for laboratory confirmation. Between March and May 2016, 79 clinically suspected cases were reported including 82.3% (n=65) and 17.7% (n=14) in Oyem and Libreville, respectively. In total, 39.2% (n=31) of children were 11 months-old, 34.2% (n=27) were children aged 1 to 4 years, 11.4% (n=9) were older children from 5 to 9 years, 6.3% (n=5) of children were aged 10 to 15 years and 8.9% (n=7) were 15 years and older. 53.3% (16/30) were laboratory confirmed. This measles outbreak reiterates the importance of maintaining a high level of vaccine coverage in Gabon for vaccine-preventable diseases, as well as the usefulness of a near-real-time surveillance system for the detection of infectious diseases.
麻疹是一种由属于副粘病毒科麻疹病毒属的麻疹病毒引起的呼吸道疾病。由于一些国家在维持免疫接种覆盖率方面存在不足，麻疹在人群中再度出现，尤其是在非洲。本研究的目的是描述加蓬的一次麻疹疫情。首先，建立了症状监测。采集了出现斑丘疹的发热患者的血样，并送往喀麦隆的麻疹参考中心进行实验室确诊。在2016年3月至5月期间，共报告了79例临床疑似病例，其中奥耶姆和利伯维尔分别占82.3%（n = 65）和17.7%（n = 14）。总体而言，39.2%（n = 31）的儿童为11个月大，34.2%（n = 27）为1至4岁的儿童，11.4%（n = 9）为5至9岁的大龄儿童，6.3%（n = 5）的儿童为10至15岁，8.9%（n = 7）为15岁及以上。53.3%（16/30）经实验室确诊。这次麻疹疫情再次凸显了加蓬维持针对疫苗可预防疾病的高疫苗接种覆盖率的重要性，以及近乎实时的监测系统在检测传染病方面的有用性。
