Diversified Chromosome Rearrangements Detected in a Wheat‒ Substitution Line Induced by Gamma-Ray Irradiation.

To determine the composition of chromosome aberrations in a wheat‒ substitution line with seeds treated by a dose of gamma-rays (200 Gy), sequential non-denaturing fluorescence hybridization (ND-FISH) with multiple oligonucleotide probes was used to screen individual plants of the mutagenized progenies. We identified 122 types of chromosome rearrangements, including centromeric, telomeric, and intercalary chromosome translocations from a total of 772 M1 and 872 M2 plants. The frequency of reciprocal translocations between B- and D-chromosomes was higher than that between A- and D-chromosomes. Eight translocations between and wheat chromosomes were also detected. The 13 stable plants with multiple chromosome translocations displayed novel agronomic traits. The newly developed materials will enhance wheat breeding programs through wheat‒ introgression and also facilitate future studies on the genetic and epigenetic effects of translocations in wheat genomics.