Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14/17, 8050, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 2020 Mar;44(1):1-34. doi: 10.1007/s11013-019-09638-5.
Cultural variability regarding concepts of distress for common mental disorders (CMD) has been reported extensively in cultural clinical psychology across the globe. However, little is known about illness narratives in social communities from Southeast Europe. The purpose of this paper is to identify cultural concepts of distress (CCDs) among Albanian-speaking immigrants in Switzerland and to integrate the findings into literature from other parts of the world. Twenty semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted using the Barts Explanatory Model Inventory (BEMI). A set of concepts was described through content analysis and semantic network analysis. The results show complex expressions of distress, which are mainly associated with post-migration living difficulties. Social problems and life-changing events mark the onset of the most common symptoms. Self-management and social support were described as the most important coping behaviors. Participants expressed trust in physical health care but little belief in psychotherapy. There is indication that mental illnesses are stigmatized in this population. It is therefore important to use non-stigmatizing terms in health communication. Moreover, individuals from this community consider suffering to be part of life, and they assume that this suffering must be endured with patience. It is vital to address these beliefs in psychological interventions.
文化差异性在常见精神障碍（CMD）的困扰概念方面在全球文化临床心理学中得到了广泛报道。然而，对于来自东南欧的社会群体的疾病叙述知之甚少。本文旨在确定瑞士讲阿尔巴尼亚语移民中的困扰文化概念（CCDs），并将研究结果纳入来自世界其他地区的文献中。采用巴茨解释模型量表（BEMI）进行了 20 次半结构化定性访谈。通过内容分析和语义网络分析描述了一组概念。结果表明，困扰表现出复杂的特征，主要与移民后的生活困难有关。社会问题和改变生活的事件标志着最常见症状的开始。自我管理和社会支持被描述为最重要的应对行为。参与者表示信任身体健康护理，但对心理治疗的信任度较低。有迹象表明，这种人群中存在对精神疾病的污名化。因此，在健康沟通中使用非污名化的术语非常重要。此外，该社区的个体认为痛苦是生活的一部分，他们认为必须耐心忍受这种痛苦。在心理干预中解决这些信念至关重要。
