Hillier S G
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Biology, Scotland.
J Steroid Biochem. 1987;27(1-3):351-7. doi: 10.1016/0022-4731(87)90327-x.
During early antral stages of follicular development, granulosa cells are constantly exposed to a high local concentration of androgen. C19 steroids biosynthesized in LH-stimulated theca cells traverse the lamina basalis, enter granulosa cells and accumulate in antral fluid. Within the granulosa cell layer, androgens are metabolized to other androgens, oestrogens and catechol oestrogens, all of which may fulfil intrafollicular regulatory functions. Observations in vitro show that direct androgen action in FSH-stimulated granulosa cells leads to increased generation of cyclic AMP with amplification of key cyclic AMP-dependent functions associated with granulosa cell differentiation. This could help explain why high concentrations of androgen in follicular fluid are associated with normal preovulatory follicular development and maintenance of oocyte viability in the mammalian ovary.
在卵泡发育的早期窦状卵泡阶段，颗粒细胞持续暴露于高浓度的局部雄激素环境中。在促黄体生成素（LH）刺激下的卵泡膜细胞中生物合成的C19类固醇穿过基膜，进入颗粒细胞并积聚在卵泡液中。在颗粒细胞层内，雄激素被代谢为其他雄激素、雌激素和儿茶酚雌激素，所有这些都可能发挥卵泡内调节功能。体外观察表明，FSH刺激的颗粒细胞中雄激素的直接作用会导致环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）生成增加，并放大与颗粒细胞分化相关的关键cAMP依赖性功能。这有助于解释为什么卵泡液中高浓度的雄激素与哺乳动物卵巢中正常的排卵前卵泡发育和卵母细胞活力的维持有关。
