Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, USA; email:
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA; email:
Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2019 Sep 15;5:99-122. doi: 10.1146/annurev-vision-091517-034416. Epub 2019 Jun 21.
Inflammation of the blood vessels that serve the central nervous system has been increasingly identified as an early and possibly initiating event among neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. However, the causal relevance of vascular inflammation to major retinal degenerative diseases is unresolved. Here, we describe how genetics, aging-associated changes, and environmental factors contribute to vascular inflammation in age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. We highlight the importance of mouse models in studying the underlying mechanisms and possible treatments for these diseases. We conclude that data support vascular inflammation playing a central if not primary role in retinal degenerative diseases, and this association should be a focus of future research.
中枢神经系统血管的炎症已被越来越多地认定为阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆等神经退行性疾病的早期和可能的起始事件。然而，血管炎症与主要视网膜退行性疾病之间的因果关系尚未得到解决。在这里，我们描述了遗传学、与衰老相关的变化和环境因素如何导致年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病性视网膜病变和青光眼的血管炎症。我们强调了小鼠模型在研究这些疾病的潜在机制和可能治疗方法中的重要性。我们得出结论，数据支持血管炎症在视网膜退行性疾病中发挥核心作用（如果不是主要作用），这种关联应该是未来研究的重点。
