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自噬性神经干细胞死亡介导慢性应激导致的成年海马神经发生减少和认知缺陷。

Autophagic death of neural stem cells mediates chronic stress-induced decline of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive deficits.

机构信息

Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea.

BK21 Plus Program, Department of Senior Healthcare, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

Autophagy. 2020 Mar;16(3):512-530. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1630222. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

DOI:10.1080/15548627.2019.1630222
PMID:31234698
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6999625/
Abstract

Macroautophagy/autophagy is generally regarded as a cytoprotective mechanism, and it remains a matter of controversy whether autophagy can cause cell death in mammals. Here, we show that chronic restraint stress suppresses adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice by inducing autophagic cell death (ACD) of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs). We generated NSC-specific, inducible conditional knockout mice and found that they had an intact number of NSCs and neurogenesis level under chronic restraint stress and were resilient to stress- or corticosterone-induced cognitive and mood deficits. Corticosterone treatment of adult hippocampal NSC cultures induced ACD via SGK3 (serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 3) without signs of apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that ACD is biologically important in a mammalian system and would be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention for psychological stress-induced disorders.: AAV: adeno-associated virus; ACD: autophagic cell death; ACTB: actin, beta; Atg: autophagy-related; ASCL1/MASH1: achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1; BafA: bafilomycin A; BrdU: Bromodeoxyuridine/5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; CASP3: caspase 3; cKO: conditional knockout; CLEM: correlative light and electron microscopy; CORT: corticosterone; CRS: chronic restraint stress; DAB: 3,3'-diaminobenzidine; DCX: doublecortin; DG: dentate gyrus; GC: glucocorticoid; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; HCN: hippocampal neural stem; i.p.: intraperitoneal; MAP1LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MKI67/Ki67: antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki 67; MWM: Morris water maze; Nec-1: necrostatin-1; NES: nestin; NR3C1/GR: nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1; NSC: neural stem cell; PCD: programmed cell death; PFA: paraformaldehyde; PX: Phox homology; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; RBFOX3/NeuN: RNA binding protein, fox-1 homolog (C. elegans) 3; SGK: serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinases; SGZ: subgranular zone; SOX2: SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; STS: staurosporine; TAM: tamoxifen; Ulk1: unc-51 like kinase 1; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling; VIM: vimentin; WT: wild type; ZFYVE1: zinc finger, FYVE domain containing 1; Z-VAD/Z-VAD-FMK: pan-caspase inhibitor.

摘要

自噬通常被认为是一种细胞保护机制,但自噬是否会导致哺乳动物细胞死亡仍然存在争议。在这里,我们表明慢性束缚应激通过诱导海马神经干细胞(NSC)的自噬细胞死亡(ACD)来抑制小鼠成年海马神经发生。我们生成了 NSC 特异性、诱导型条件性敲除小鼠,并发现它们在慢性束缚应激下具有完整的 NSC 数量和神经发生水平,并且对应激或皮质酮诱导的认知和情绪缺陷具有弹性。皮质酮处理成年海马 NSC 培养物通过 SGK3(血清/糖皮质激素调节激酶 3)诱导 ACD,而没有凋亡的迹象。我们的结果表明,ACD 在哺乳动物系统中具有重要的生物学意义,并且可能成为治疗心理应激诱导障碍的有吸引力的靶点。AAV:腺相关病毒;ACD:自噬细胞死亡;ACTB:肌动蛋白,β;Atg:自噬相关;ASCL1/MASH1:achaete-scute 家族 bHLH 转录因子 1;BafA:巴弗霉素 A;BrdU:溴脱氧尿苷/5-溴-2'-脱氧尿苷;CASP3:半胱天冬酶 3;cKO:条件性敲除;CLEM:相关光镜和电子显微镜;CORT:皮质酮;CRS:慢性束缚应激;DAB:3,3'-二氨基联苯胺;DCX:双皮质素;DG:齿状回;GC:糖皮质激素;GFAP:胶质纤维酸性蛋白;HCN:海马神经干细胞;i.p.:腹腔内;MAP1LC3B:微管相关蛋白 1 轻链 3β;MKI67/Ki67:由单克隆抗体 Ki 67 识别的抗原;MWM:莫里斯水迷宫;Nec-1:necrostatin-1;PX:Phox 同源物;PtdIns3P:磷脂酰肌醇-3-磷酸;RBFOX3/NeuN:RNA 结合蛋白,fox-1 同源物(C. elegans)3;SGK:血清/糖皮质激素调节激酶;SGZ:颗粒下层区;SOX2:SRY(性别决定区 Y)-盒 2;SQSTM1:自噬体相关蛋白 1;STS:staurosporine;TAM:他莫昔芬;Ulk1:unc-51 样激酶 1;TUNEL:末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶 dUTP 缺口末端标记;VIM:波形蛋白;WT:野生型;ZFYVE1:锌指、FYVE 结构域包含 1;Z-VAD/Z-VAD-FMK:pan-caspase 抑制剂。

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