Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Falk Research Building, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Falk Research Building, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
Thorac Surg Clin. 2019 Aug;29(3):259-267. doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2019.03.004. Epub 2019 May 17.
Unconscious (or implicit) biases are learned stereotypes that are automatic, unintentional, deeply engrained, universal, and able to influence behavior. Several studies have documented the effects of provider biases on patient care and outcomes. This article provides a framework for exploring the implications for unconscious bias in surgical education and highlights best practices toward minimizing its impact. Presented is the background related to some of the more common unconscious biases and effects on medical students, resident trainees, and academic faculty. Finally, targeted strategies are highlighted for individuals and institutions for identification of biases and the means to address them.
无意识（或内隐）偏见是习得的刻板印象，具有自动性、无意识性、根深蒂固、普遍性，并能够影响行为。多项研究记录了提供者偏见对患者护理和结果的影响。本文提供了一个探索无意识偏见在外科教育中的影响的框架，并强调了将其影响最小化的最佳实践。本文介绍了一些更常见的无意识偏见及其对医学生、住院医师培训生和学术教师的影响的背景。最后，为个人和机构确定偏见和解决偏见的方法强调了有针对性的策略。
