Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, 5N034 SDPERI, 2730 SW Moody Ave, Portland, Oregon, 97201-5042, USA.
Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
BMC Oral Health. 2019 Jun 26;19(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0818-1.
The objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between HIV anti-retroviral therapy and tooth wear.
Assessment of tooth wear was conducted both with a survey questionnaire and clinical assessment at Russell Street Dental Clinic in Portland, Oregon. The survey questionnaire comprised of questions on study participant's gender, age, HIV status, current medications, awareness of tooth grinding or clenching, jaw soreness, tooth or gum soreness, and frequency of headaches. For the clinical evaluation, a dental provider recorded the degree of wear on each tooth using a scale of 0-3. An individual tooth-wear index was used to rank patients with regard to incisal and occlusal wear. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, tests of association and regression analysis using SPSS V.24.
The study sample involved 93 patients (HIV + ve = 60, HIV-ve = 33) with age range of 20-90 yrs. (mean = 49 yrs., s.d = 13.3). 92 and 67% participants of the HIV + ve and HIV-ve groups, respectively, presented with tooth wear. The mean tooth wear index was higher in HIV + ve patients than HIV-ve patients (8.2 vs. 7.8), however, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). A significant, positive correlation was found between HIV presence and tooth wear index, after accounting for age (B = 0.71, p < 0.05). The number of years on anti-retroviral therapy alone was positively correlated with tooth wear index (R = 0.116, p < 0.05). After controlling for age, years of anti-retroviral therapy use was positively correlated with tooth wear index (B = 0.047, p > 0.05).
The findings from this study suggest that HIV + ve patients, who are on anti-retroviral therapy have significant tooth wear, although more studies with larger sample size are needed to confirm this. There is a critical need to initiate a dialogue with medical providers about tooth wear as a possible side effect of antiretroviral therapy and to introduce appropriate preventive measures.
本研究旨在阐明 HIV 抗逆转录病毒治疗与牙齿磨损之间的关系。
在俄勒冈州波特兰市的 Russell Street Dental Clinic 通过问卷调查和临床评估来评估牙齿磨损情况。问卷调查包括研究参与者的性别、年龄、HIV 状态、当前用药情况、磨牙或紧咬牙习惯的认知、颌骨疼痛、牙齿或牙龈疼痛以及头痛频率等问题。对于临床评估，牙科医生使用 0-3 级量表记录每颗牙齿的磨损程度。使用个体牙齿磨损指数对患者的切牙和磨牙磨损进行分级。数据分析包括使用 SPSS V.24 进行描述性分析、关联性检验和回归分析。
本研究样本包括 93 名患者（HIV 阳性患者=60 名，HIV 阴性患者=33 名），年龄范围为 20-90 岁（平均年龄=49 岁，标准差=13.3）。HIV 阳性和 HIV 阴性组中分别有 92%和 67%的患者出现牙齿磨损。HIV 阳性患者的平均牙齿磨损指数高于 HIV 阴性患者（8.2 比 7.8），但差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。在考虑年龄因素后，发现 HIV 阳性与牙齿磨损指数之间存在显著正相关（B=0.71，p<0.05）。抗逆转录病毒治疗的年限与牙齿磨损指数呈正相关（R=0.116，p<0.05）。在控制年龄因素后，抗逆转录病毒治疗年限与牙齿磨损指数呈正相关（B=0.047，p>0.05）。
本研究结果表明，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 阳性患者存在明显的牙齿磨损，尽管需要更多的研究来证实这一点。有必要与医疗提供者就抗逆转录病毒治疗可能导致牙齿磨损这一副作用展开对话，并引入适当的预防措施。
