Ralston Maj Samuel A, Murray Maj Brian P, Vela-Duarte Daniel, Orjuela Karen D, Pastula Daniel M
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
United States Army, Army Medical Department (AMEDD) Center and School, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.
Neurohospitalist. 2019 Jul;9(3):151-159. doi: 10.1177/1941874418806668. Epub 2018 Oct 21.
In this review article, we highlight several potential biologic and chemical agents of "neuroterrorism" of which neurohospitalists should be aware: anthrax, botulism toxin, brucella, plague, smallpox, organophosphates and nerve agents, cyanide, and carfentanil. Such agents may have direct neurologic effects, resulting in encephalopathy, paralysis, and/or respiratory failure. Neurohospitalists should be on the lookout for abnormal neurologic syndrome clustering, especially among patients presenting to the emergency department. If use of such a "neuroterrorism" agent is suspected, the neurohospitalist should immediately consult with emergency department personnel, infection control, infectious disease physicians, and/or Poison Control to make sure the scene is safe and to stabilize and isolate patients if necessary. The neurohospitalist should also immediately contact their local and/or state health department (or alternatively the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emergency Operations Center) to report their suspicions and to obtain guidance and assistance.
在这篇综述文章中，我们重点介绍了几种神经科医生应该了解的“神经恐怖主义”潜在生物和化学制剂：炭疽、肉毒杆菌毒素、布鲁氏菌、鼠疫、天花、有机磷和神经毒剂、氰化物以及卡芬太尼。这些制剂可能具有直接的神经效应，导致脑病、瘫痪和/或呼吸衰竭。神经科医生应留意异常的神经综合征聚集情况，尤其是在急诊科就诊的患者中。如果怀疑使用了此类“神经恐怖主义”制剂，神经科医生应立即与急诊科人员、感染控制部门、传染病医生和/或中毒控制中心联系，以确保现场安全，并在必要时对患者进行稳定和隔离。神经科医生还应立即联系当地和/或州卫生部门（或者美国疾病控制与预防中心应急行动中心），报告他们的怀疑并获取指导和援助。
