Hojo Hironori, Ohba Shinsuke, Chung Ung-Il
Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, 1425 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Regen Ther. 2015 Jan 28;1:57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2014.10.002. eCollection 2015 Jun.
Tissue engineering is an approach to the regeneration of tissues that uses a combination of cell sources, signaling factors and scaffolds. Among these three components, signaling factors for bone regeneration have not yet been established, and it is necessary to better understand osteoblast progenitors as a target cells. Several lines of evidence have revealed that, during bone formation, mesenchymal cells are specified and differentiate into osteoblasts through several stages of precursors. The osteoblast lineage is defined by the expression of stage-specific transcription factors. The specification and differentiation are organized by a variety of signaling pathways including hedgehog (Hh), Wnt, Notch, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ). In this review we integrate the known functions of these signaling pathways and discuss future tasks to gain a better understanding of the signaling network in osteogenesis for tissue engineering.
组织工程是一种利用细胞来源、信号因子和支架的组合来实现组织再生的方法。在这三个组成部分中，用于骨再生的信号因子尚未确定，因此有必要更好地了解作为靶细胞的成骨祖细胞。几条证据表明，在骨形成过程中，间充质细胞通过几个前体阶段被指定并分化为成骨细胞。成骨细胞谱系由阶段特异性转录因子的表达来定义。其指定和分化由多种信号通路组织，包括刺猬信号通路（Hh）、Wnt信号通路、Notch信号通路、骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）和转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）。在本综述中，我们整合了这些信号通路的已知功能，并讨论了未来的任务，以便更好地理解组织工程中骨生成的信号网络。
