Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
AlgEn, algal technology centre, Ltd, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2019 Jun 1;70(2):140-148. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3212.
The aim of this study was to identify and quantify faecal indicator bacteria in blackwater collected from a source separation unit and determine the amount of E. coli isolates resistant to antimicrobials and their potential to produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), which hydrolyse the most important antibiotics used in clinical practice. Most of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (36.4 %), followed by ticarcillin with clavulanic acid (22.7 %) and tetracycline (18.2 %). ESβL-producing genes blaCTX-M and blaTEM were found in three (13.6 %) and four (18.2 %) E. coli strains, respectively, while MβL genes were found in two (9.1 %). By separating at source, this pilot study clearly shows that gastrointestinal bacteria of healthy people can be an important source of antibiotic resistance released into the environment through wastewaters. One way to prevent that is to treat wastewater with a combination of TiO2, UV light, or ozone, as successful methods to remove resistant bacteria and prevent their spread in the environment.
本研究的目的是从分离单元中收集的黑水粪便中鉴定和量化粪便指示菌，并确定对抗菌药物具有抗性的大肠杆菌分离株的数量及其产生扩展谱β-内酰胺酶（ESβLs）和金属β-内酰胺酶（MβLs）的潜力，这些酶可水解临床实践中使用的最重要的抗生素。大多数分离株对阿莫西林克拉维酸（36.4％）具有耐药性，其次是替卡西林克拉维酸（22.7％）和四环素（18.2％）。在三种（13.6％）和四种（18.2％）大肠杆菌菌株中分别发现了blaCTX-M 和 blaTEM 基因，而 MβL 基因则在两种（9.1％）中发现。通过源头分离，这项试点研究清楚地表明，健康人的胃肠道细菌可以通过废水释放到环境中的抗生素耐药性的重要来源。一种防止这种情况的方法是使用 TiO2、UV 光或臭氧的组合处理废水，这是去除耐药细菌并防止其在环境中传播的有效方法。
