视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍中的认知障碍：临床与神经放射学特征综述
Cognitive Impairment in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A Review of Clinical and Neuroradiological Features.
作者信息
Oertel Frederike Cosima, Schließeit Jana, Brandt Alexander U, Paul Friedemann
机构信息
NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Front Neurol. 2019 Jun 12;10:608. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00608. eCollection 2019.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are mostly relapsing autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) with optic neuritis, myelitis, and brainstem syndromes as clinical hallmarks. With a reported prevalence of up to 70%, cognitive impairment is frequent, but often unrecognized and an insufficiently treated burden of the disease. The most common cognitive dysfunctions are decline in attention and memory performance. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to access structural correlates of neuropsychological disorders. Cognitive impairment is not only a highly underestimated symptom in patients with NMOSD, but potentially also a clinical correlate of attack-independent changes in NMOSD, which are currently under debate. This article reviews cognitive impairment in NMOSD and discusses associations between structural changes of the CNS and cognitive deficits.
视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）大多是中枢神经系统（CNS）的复发性自身免疫性炎症性疾病，以视神经炎、脊髓炎和脑干综合征为临床特征。据报道，认知障碍的患病率高达70%，很常见，但往往未被认识到，且是疾病负担中未得到充分治疗的部分。最常见的认知功能障碍是注意力和记忆表现下降。磁共振成像可用于评估神经心理障碍的结构相关性。认知障碍不仅是NMOSD患者中一个被严重低估的症状，而且可能也是NMOSD中与发作无关的变化的临床相关因素，目前对此仍存在争议。本文综述了NMOSD中的认知障碍，并讨论了中枢神经系统结构变化与认知缺陷之间的关联。
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