接受姑息性放疗患者的家庭照顾者中与焦虑和抑郁相关的因素
Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression among Family Caregivers of Patients Undergoing Palliative Radiotherapy.
作者信息
Govina Ourania, Vlachou Eugenia, Kalemikerakis Ioannis, Papageorgiou Demetrios, Kavga Anna, Konstantinidis Theocharis
机构信息
Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece.
Department of Chemotherapy, Euroclinic Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.
出版信息
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2019 Jul-Sep;6(3):283-291. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_74_18.
OBJECTIVE
The family caregivers of patients receiving palliative care experience high levels of anxiety and depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with family caregivers' anxiety and depression when caring for patients with advanced cancer in Greece.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 100 patients undergoing palliative radiotherapy and their respective caregivers. Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory. Their respective caregivers completed the Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale, the Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale, and the HADS. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify potential predictors of anxiety and depression.
RESULTS
The majority of patients were male (63.0%), whereas the majority of their caregivers were female (76.0%). The mean ages of patients and caregivers were 63.9 ± 10.8 and 53.3 ± 12.6 years, respectively. Caregiving anxiety and depression were associated with patients' variables, such as gender ( < 0.0005), primary cancer ( = 0.008), and past surgery ( = 0.002), and caregiver's variables, such as gender ( = 0.001), co-residence ( = 0.05), previous care experience ( = 0.04), and means of transport ( = 0.038). In multiple regression analyses, caregiving anxiety and depression were significantly predicted by caregivers' and patients' characteristics, in a model that accounted for 48% of the anxiety variance ( < 0.0005) and 39% of the depression variance ( < 0.0005).
CONCLUSION
The caregivers who experienced more anxiety and depression shared the following traits: they were women, cared for men with lung cancer, cared for patients not undergoing surgery, lived together, were younger, went to the hospital by private means of transport, had previous care experience, and perceived an increased degree of general burden. Further investigation of the factors that may affect caregivers' psychological state is required to better identify parameters that may predict it.
目的
接受姑息治疗患者的家庭照护者焦虑和抑郁水平较高。本研究旨在调查希腊晚期癌症患者家庭照护者在照护过程中焦虑和抑郁的相关因素。
方法
样本包括100名接受姑息性放疗的患者及其各自的照护者。患者完成医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和MD安德森症状量表。他们各自的照护者完成奥伯斯特照护负担量表、巴卡斯照护结果量表和HADS。进行相关性和多元回归分析以确定焦虑和抑郁的潜在预测因素。
结果
大多数患者为男性（63.0%），而他们的照护者大多数为女性（76.0%）。患者和照护者的平均年龄分别为63.9±10.8岁和53.3±12.6岁。照护焦虑和抑郁与患者的变量相关，如性别（<0.0005）、原发性癌症（=0.008）和既往手术史（=0.002），以及照护者的变量，如性别（=0.001）、共同居住（=0.05）、既往照护经验（=0.04）和交通方式（=0.038）。在多元回归分析中，照护焦虑和抑郁由照护者和患者的特征显著预测，在一个模型中，该模型解释了48%的焦虑方差（<0.0005）和39%的抑郁方差（<0.0005）。
结论
经历更多焦虑和抑郁的照护者具有以下特征：她们是女性，照护患有肺癌的男性，照护未接受手术的患者，共同居住，年龄较小，通过私人交通方式前往医院，有既往照护经验，且感知到总体负担程度增加。需要进一步调查可能影响照护者心理状态的因素，以更好地识别可能预测其心理状态的参数。
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