Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Feb;34(1):99-110. doi: 10.1037/adb0000487. Epub 2019 Jul 1.
Contingency management is one of the most effective behavioral interventions for substance use. However, the implementation of contingency management has not been as widespread as might be expected given its efficacy. This review summarizes literature that examines the dissemination and implementation of contingency management for substance use in community (e.g., specialized substance use treatment) and clinical (e.g., primary care) settings. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Databases including Google Scholar, World of Knowledge, PsycINFO, and PubMed were searched. Search results yielded 100 articles and after the screening of titles and abstracts 44 were identified. Full-text articles were examined for eligibility and yielded 24 articles that were included in this review. Of the 24 articles included in the review, the majority (n = 11) focused on implementing contingency management in methadone clinics and opioid treatment programs. Training methods, implementation strategies, fidelity assessments, and attitudes toward the implementation of contingency management are discussed in greater detail. These findings highlight the importance of organizational input and ongoing supervision and consultation, and the need for additional research that is guided by theoretical frameworks and use rigorous study designs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
应急管理是治疗物质使用障碍最有效的行为干预措施之一。然而，考虑到其疗效，应急管理的实施并没有像预期的那样广泛。本综述总结了文献，考察了在社区（如专门的物质使用治疗）和临床（如初级保健）环境中实施物质使用应急管理的传播和实施情况。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明进行了系统评价。搜索了包括 Google Scholar、World of Knowledge、PsycINFO 和 PubMed 在内的数据库。搜索结果产生了 100 篇文章，在筛选标题和摘要后，确定了 44 篇。对全文文章进行了资格审查，共有 24 篇文章被纳入本综述。在纳入的 24 篇文章中，大多数（n=11）重点讨论了在美沙酮诊所和阿片类药物治疗项目中实施应急管理的情况。详细讨论了培训方法、实施策略、保真度评估以及对实施应急管理的态度。这些发现强调了组织投入和持续监督与咨询的重要性，以及需要根据理论框架和使用严格的研究设计进行更多研究的必要性。（APA，版权所有）。
