Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Respirology. 2019 Sep;24(9):854-862. doi: 10.1111/resp.13639. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) are characterized by exertional dyspnoea, exercise limitation and reduced health-related quality of life (QoL). Exercise training is essential for improving symptoms, physical function and QoL. Current research available supports the effectiveness of exercise training in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis and interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, recent studies have also shown safety and effectiveness of exercise training in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and asthma. Despite the lack of clinical guidelines for exercise training in PAH, a recent Cochrane review has reported improvements in functional capacity and effective reductions in mean pulmonary arterial pressure. In the other CRD, a number of Cochrane reviews, supported by numerous randomized controlled trials, have been published outlining the benefits of different types of exercise training. The aim of this review is to establish the principles and modalities of personalized exercise training and the effects of exercise training across a number of CRD. In addition, this review provides information on personalized exercise prescription for CRD patients with co-morbidities.
慢性呼吸系统疾病（CRD）的特征是运动时呼吸困难、运动受限和健康相关生活质量（QoL）降低。运动训练对于改善症状、身体功能和 QoL 至关重要。目前的研究支持运动训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、囊性纤维化和间质性肺疾病（ILD）患者的有效性。然而，最近的研究也表明运动训练在肺动脉高压（PAH）和哮喘患者中的安全性和有效性。尽管缺乏 PAH 运动训练的临床指南，但最近的 Cochrane 综述报告称，运动训练可改善功能能力并有效降低平均肺动脉压。在其他 CRD 中，多项 Cochrane 综述和大量随机对照试验支持，已发表了有关不同类型运动训练益处的综述。本综述的目的是确定个性化运动训练的原则和方式，以及运动训练对多种 CRD 的影响。此外，本综述还提供了有关合并症的 CRD 患者个性化运动处方的信息。
