Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Centre for Environment and Health, Leuven, Belgium.
Karel de Grote University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Antwerp, Belgium.
Dev Psychopathol. 2020 May;32(2):765-778. doi: 10.1017/S0954579419000749.
The effects of psychoactive substance abuse are not limited to the user, but extend to the entire family system, with children of substance abusers being particularly at risk. This meta-analysis attempted to quantify the longitudinal relationship between parental alcohol, tobacco, and drug use and child well-being, investigating variation across a range of substance and well-being indices and other potential moderators. We performed a literature search of peer-reviewed, English language, longitudinal observational studies that reported outcomes for children aged 0 to 18 years. In total, 56 studies, yielding 220 dependent effect sizes, met inclusion criteria. A multilevel random-effects model revealed a statistically significant, small detriment to child well-being for parental substance abuse over time (r = .15). Moderator analyses demonstrated that the effect was more pronounced for parental drug use (r = .25), compared with alcohol use (r = .13), tobacco use (r = .13), and alcohol use disorder (r = .14). Results highlight a need for future studies that better capture the effect of parental psychoactive substance abuse on the full breadth of childhood well-being outcomes and to integrate substance abuse into models that specify the precise conditions under which parental behavior determines child well-being.Registration: PROSPERO CRD42017076088.
精神活性物质滥用的影响不仅局限于使用者本身，还会延伸到整个家庭系统，滥用物质的儿童尤其处于危险之中。本荟萃分析试图量化父母的酒精、烟草和药物使用与儿童福祉之间的纵向关系，调查了一系列物质和福祉指标以及其他潜在调节因素的变化。我们对同行评议的、英文的、纵向观察性研究进行了文献检索，这些研究报告了 0 至 18 岁儿童的结果。共有 56 项研究，产生了 220 个依赖效应量，符合纳入标准。多层次随机效应模型显示，随着时间的推移，父母物质滥用对儿童福祉有统计学上显著的、轻微的损害(r =.15)。 调节分析表明，与酒精使用(r =.13)、烟草使用(r =.13)和酒精使用障碍(r =.14)相比，父母药物使用(r =.25)对儿童福祉的影响更为明显。结果强调了未来研究的必要性，这些研究需要更好地捕捉父母精神活性物质滥用对儿童福祉全面结果的影响，并将物质滥用纳入特定条件下的模型，以说明父母行为如何决定儿童福祉。 注册：PROSPERO CRD42017076088。
