Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Sep;30(9):636-645. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.06.002. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
Epigenetics can be defined as 'the structural adaptation of chromosomal regions so as to register, signal, or perpetuate altered activity states.' Increased transcription of key regulatory, metabolic, and myogenic genes is an early response to exercise and is important in mediating subsequent adaptations in skeletal muscle. DNA hypomethylation and histone hyperacetylation are emerging as important crucial events for increased transcription. The complex interactions between multiple epigenetic modifications and their regulation by metabolic changes and signaling events during exercise, with implications for enhanced understanding of the acute and chronic adaptations to exercise, are questions for further investigation.
表观遗传学可以定义为“染色体区域的结构性适应，以记录、信号或维持改变的活性状态。”关键调节、代谢和肌肉生成基因的转录增加是对运动的早期反应，对于介导骨骼肌的后续适应很重要。DNA 低甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化的增加是转录增加的重要关键事件。在运动过程中，多种表观遗传修饰之间的复杂相互作用及其代谢变化和信号事件的调节，对深入了解运动的急性和慢性适应具有重要意义，这些都是进一步研究的问题。
