The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K.
In Vivo. 2019 Jul-Aug;33(4):983-997. doi: 10.21873/invivo.11568.
Numerous dietary components and vitamins have been found to inhibit the molecular events and signalling pathways associated with various stages of breast cancer development. To identify the vitamins and dietary micronutrients that exert protective effects against breast cancer and define their mechanism of action, we performed a literature review of in vitro, animal and epidemiological studies and selected the in vitro and animal studies with robust molecular evidence and the epidemiological studies reporting statistically significant inverse associations for a breast cancer-specific protective effect. There is sufficient evidence from in vitro, animal and epidemiological human studies that certain vitamins, such as vitamin D3, folate, vitamin B6, and beta carotene as well as dietary micronutrients, such as curcumin, piperine, sulforaphane, indole-3-carbinol, quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), display an antitumoral activity against breast cancer and have the potential to offer a natural strategy for breast cancer chemoprevention and reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, a supplement that contains these micronutrients, using the safest form and dosage should be investigated in future breast cancer chemoprevention studies and as part of standard breast cancer therapy.
许多饮食成分和维生素已被发现可抑制与乳腺癌发展各个阶段相关的分子事件和信号通路。为了确定对乳腺癌具有保护作用的维生素和膳食微量营养素，并确定其作用机制，我们对体外、动物和流行病学研究进行了文献回顾，并选择了具有可靠分子证据的体外和动物研究以及报告具有统计学意义的反向关联的流行病学研究，以确定对乳腺癌具有特异性保护作用。有充分的证据表明，某些维生素，如维生素 D3、叶酸、维生素 B6 和β-胡萝卜素以及膳食微量营养素，如姜黄素、胡椒碱、萝卜硫素、吲哚-3-甲醇、槲皮素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）和ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），对乳腺癌具有抗肿瘤活性，并有潜力为乳腺癌化学预防提供一种天然策略，并降低乳腺癌复发的风险。因此，应在未来的乳腺癌化学预防研究中以及作为标准乳腺癌治疗的一部分，研究含有这些微量营养素的补充剂，使用最安全的形式和剂量。
