维生素 D 的非骨骼活性：从生理学到脑病理学。
Non-Skeletal Activities of Vitamin D: From Physiology to Brain Pathology.
机构信息
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Department and U.O.C. Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone" of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
出版信息
Medicina (Kaunas). 2019 Jul 5;55(7):341. doi: 10.3390/medicina55070341.
Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone regulating the expression of almost 900 genes, and it is involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, immune response, and brain development. Low blood vitamin D levels have been reported in patients affected by various diseases. Despite a large amount of literature data, there is uncertainty surrounding the role of vitamin D as a serum biomarker in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Indeed, the lack of internationally recognized 25(OH)D reference measurement procedures and standard materials in the past led to unstandardized serum total 25(OH)D results among research and clinical care laboratories. Thus, most of the literature studies reported unstandardized data, which are of little use and make it difficult to draw conclusions of the role of vitamin D in AD and PD. This review summarizes the extra-skeletal actions of vitamin D, focusing its role in immunomodulation and brain function, and reports the issue of lacking standardized literature data concerning the usefulness of vitamin D as a biomarker in AD and PD.
维生素 D 是一种固醇类激素，可调节近 900 个基因的表达，参与钙和磷代谢、免疫反应和大脑发育的调节。已有研究报道，各种疾病患者的血液维生素 D 水平较低。尽管有大量文献数据，但维生素 D 是否作为阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）的血清生物标志物仍存在不确定性。事实上，过去缺乏国际认可的 25(OH)D 参考测量程序和标准物质，导致研究和临床护理实验室之间血清总 25(OH)D 结果不标准化。因此，大多数文献研究报告的都是未标准化的数据，几乎没有用处，也难以得出维生素 D 在 AD 和 PD 中的作用的结论。本文综述了维生素 D 的骨骼外作用，重点介绍了其在免疫调节和大脑功能中的作用，并报告了缺乏有关维生素 D 作为 AD 和 PD 生物标志物有用性的标准化文献数据这一问题。
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