Pascual Cristina, Mascaro Maite, Rodríguez-Canul Rossanna, Gallardo Pedro, Sánchez Ariadna Arteaga, Rosas Carlos, Cruz-López Honorio
Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sisal, Mexico.
Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Sisal, Mexico.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jun 25;10:739. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00739. eCollection 2019.
is a valuable endemic species of the Yucatán Peninsula (YP). This area can be divided into distinct regions depending on the presence of cold waters associated to upwelling events during spring and summer. This study was designed to determine if the physiological and immunological condition of show a relationship with variation of the sea surface temperature associated with the seasonal upwelling. A total of 117 organisms were collected from February to July in three fishing zones: Ría Lagartos located in the upwelling zone; Seybaplaya corresponding to the non-upwelling zone, and Sisal, the transitional zone. The organisms were examined in terms of physiological (total weight, the weight of the gonad and digestive gland, osmotic pressure, hemocyanin, protein, glucose, and cholesterol concentrations in plasma), and immunological variables (total hemocyte count, hemagglutination, phenoloxidase system activity, total phenoloxidase plasma activity, and lysozyme activity). Multivariate one-way ANOVA showed overall significant differences between groups of octopus by month/zone of capture, indicating that the physiological-immunological condition of is related to a temperature gradient. Wild octopuses captured at the upwelling zone and the transitional zone (Ría Lagartos and Sisal) in February, March, and April -with temperatures lower than 27°C- were in better conditions: larger size, high concentrations of hemocyanin, and low activity of the phenoloxidase system. Octopuses captured in the warmer waters (28-30°C) of the non-upwelling and transitional zones (Seybaplaya and Sisal) during June and July, could be reflecting the metabolic stress through immunological compensation mechanisms with higher activity of the phenoloxidase system, despite having a lower concentration of hemocytes, hemocyanin, and proteins. Although the movement of individual along the YP throughout their life cycle has not yet been determined, direct development and benthic behavior could limit the mobility of the organisms in such a way that their physiological and immunological condition might reflect adaptation to the regional environment. This information could help understand the performance of octopuses in their distribution area, which sustains an important fishery.
是尤卡坦半岛（YP）一种珍贵的特有物种。根据春季和夏季上升流事件相关的冷水存在情况，该区域可分为不同区域。本研究旨在确定[物种名称]的生理和免疫状况是否与季节性上升流相关的海面温度变化存在关联。从2月至7月，在三个捕鱼区共采集了117个生物体：位于上升流区的里阿尔加托斯；对应非上升流区的塞亚普拉亚，以及过渡区的锡萨尔。对生物体进行了生理指标（总重量、性腺和消化腺重量、渗透压、血蓝蛋白、蛋白质、血浆中葡萄糖和胆固醇浓度）和免疫变量（总血细胞计数、血细胞凝集、酚氧化酶系统活性、血浆总酚氧化酶活性和溶菌酶活性）方面的检测。多变量单因素方差分析表明，按捕获月份/区域划分的章鱼组之间总体存在显著差异, 这表明[物种名称]的生理 - 免疫状况与温度梯度有关。2月、3月和4月在上升流区和过渡区（里阿尔加托斯和锡萨尔）捕获的野生章鱼，当时温度低于27°C，状况更佳：体型更大、血蓝蛋白浓度高，酚氧化酶系统活性低。6月和7月在非上升流区和过渡区（塞亚普拉亚和锡萨尔）较温暖水域（28 - 30°C）捕获的章鱼，尽管血细胞、血蓝蛋白和蛋白质浓度较低，但酚氧化酶系统活性较高，可能通过免疫补偿机制反映出代谢应激。尽管尚未确定[物种名称]个体在其整个生命周期中沿尤卡坦半岛的移动情况，但直接发育和底栖行为可能会限制生物体的移动性，以至于它们的生理和免疫状况可能反映出对区域环境的适应。这些信息有助于了解章鱼在其分布区域的表现，该区域支撑着重要的渔业。
