Department of Experimental Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2019 Sep;148(9):e30-e50. doi: 10.1037/xge0000644. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
Numerical anchoring effects describe the assimilative effect of a previously presented number on subsequent numerical estimates. Such effects are robust and consequential. A number of different accounts have been proposed to explain these effects. What is currently unclear is under which situations different mechanisms play more or less critical roles. An extant test from the literature is proposed as a "signature test" for the operation of selective accessibility mechanisms. Four experiments were conducted to ascertain the evidence for selective accessibility with this test, evidence which was not obtained. A fifth experiment employed a different methodology, and again failed to show evidence for selective accessibility. Subsequent discussion suggests that the robustness of anchoring effects is remarkable, but the theoretical basis for some previous tests of the selective accessibility account of anchoring is shaky, and we advise against their use in this capacity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
数值锚定效应描述了先前呈现的数字对后续数值估计的同化效应。这些效应是稳健且有影响的。已经提出了许多不同的解释来解释这些效应。目前尚不清楚在哪些情况下，不同的机制会发挥更重要或不太重要的作用。文献中提出了一个现有的测试作为选择性可及性机制的“特征测试”。进行了四项实验来确定该测试中选择性可及性的证据，但未获得证据。第五项实验采用了不同的方法，也未能证明选择性可及性的证据。随后的讨论表明，锚定效应的稳健性令人瞩目，但以前对锚定的选择性可及性解释的一些测试的理论基础并不稳固，我们不建议将其用于这种目的。
