Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Faculty of Nursing, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada.
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2019 Jul;64(4):427-434. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.12986. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
To explore the effect of prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain on postpartum weight retention in nulliparous women and weight-for-length percentiles of offspring to 2 years following birth.
A retrospective secondary analysis of a large, prospective longitudinal study of women conducted during pregnancy and after their first birth was completed to examine outcomes associated with postpartum weight retention. A chart review of the offspring of these women was completed to explore the relationship between maternal prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on offspring weight-for-length percentiles.
Data from 652 woman-infant dyads were available for analysis. Average postpartum weight retention was 4.0 kg at one year for all groups. At 6 weeks postpartum, women who were obese prior to pregnancy retained significantly less weight than did women who were normal weight prior to pregnancy (P < .05). Women who were normal weight or overweight at the onset of pregnancy and had gestational weight gain within Institute of Medicine recommendations retained significantly less weight at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum (P < .01) when compared with women in those same weight groups who had a gestational weight gain in excess of the recommended guideline. Women who entered pregnancy obese and who had a gestational weight gain within the recommended weight range during pregnancy retained significantly less weight compared with women who were obese and who gained in excess of the guideline at 6 weeks postpartum only (P < .05). No statistically significant differences were seen in offspring weight-for-length percentiles at any time point based on maternal prepregnancy BMI or weight gain within guidelines.
Many women retained weight up to one year postpartum. In this study, we saw no statistically significant differences between the prepregnant BMI groups or between gestational weight gain within guidelines or in excess of guidelines on offspring weight-for-length percentiles.
本研究旨在探讨初产妇孕前体重指数（BMI）和孕期体重增加对产后体重滞留的影响，以及对产后 2 年内子代体重长度百分位的影响。
对一项大型前瞻性纵向研究中孕妇及其首次分娩后的数据进行回顾性二次分析，以评估与产后体重滞留相关的结局。对这些女性的子代进行图表回顾，以探讨母体孕前 BMI 和孕期体重增加与子代体重长度百分位的关系。
共有 652 对母婴对的数据可用于分析。所有组别的平均产后体重滞留为产后 1 年时的 4.0kg。产后 6 周时，与孕前体重正常的女性相比，孕前肥胖的女性体重明显减轻（P<.05）。在妊娠开始时体重正常或超重且孕期体重增加符合医学研究所建议的女性，在产后 6 周、6 个月和 1 年时体重明显减轻（P<.01），与这些相同体重组别的女性相比，这些女性的孕期体重增加超过了推荐的指南。在孕期肥胖且孕期体重增加符合推荐范围的女性，与肥胖且孕期体重增加超过指南的女性相比，仅在产后 6 周时体重减轻明显（P<.05）。根据母体孕前 BMI 或指南内体重增加，子代体重长度百分位在任何时间点均无统计学显著差异。
许多女性在产后 1 年内仍保持体重。在这项研究中，我们没有看到孕前 BMI 组之间或在指南范围内或超过指南的孕期体重增加之间对子代体重长度百分位有统计学显著差异。
