Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico, 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK.
J Gambl Stud. 2020 Mar;36(1):243-258. doi: 10.1007/s10899-019-09872-x.
Although gambling disorder (GD) criteria do not explicitly address craving, it has received increased attention because it has been found to be a significant predictor of gambling severity. Furthermore, recent findings have suggested that both alcohol consumption and maladaptive personality traits may be risk factors among adult GD. To date, no study has evaluated the relative contribution of these factors in adolescent gambling behavior. Consequently, the present study investigated the relationship between gambling severity, craving, maladaptive personality traits, and alcohol use among adolescents. The sample comprised 550 Italian high-school students (50.2% males), aged 14-19 years (mean age = 16.24 years; SD = 1.56). Participants were administered the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised for Adolescents, Gambling Craving Scale (GACS), Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Format (PID-5-BF), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Results indicated that relative to both non-gamblers and non-problem gamblers, at-risk gamblers and problem gamblers scored higher on GACS, PID-5-BF and AUDIT. Regression analysis showed that Antagonism and Disinhibition PID-5-BF dimensions, Anticipation and Desire GACS subscales, and AUDIT total score were the best predictors of adolescent gambling involvement. These findings provide the first empirical evidence of associations between problematic gambling, craving, alcohol consumption, and maladaptive personality traits in adolescence.
虽然赌博障碍（GD）标准并未明确涉及渴望，但由于它被发现是赌博严重程度的重要预测因素，因此受到了更多关注。此外，最近的研究结果表明，酒精消费和适应不良的人格特质可能是成年 GD 的风险因素。迄今为止，尚无研究评估这些因素在青少年赌博行为中的相对贡献。因此，本研究调查了青少年赌博严重程度、渴望、适应不良的人格特质和酒精使用之间的关系。样本包括 550 名意大利高中生（50.2%为男性），年龄在 14-19 岁之间（平均年龄= 16.24 岁；标准差= 1.56）。参与者接受了青少年南方奥克斯赌博筛查修订版、赌博渴望量表（GACS）、DSM-5-简明格式人格问卷（PID-5-BF）和酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）。结果表明，与非赌徒和非问题赌徒相比，风险赌徒和问题赌徒在 GACS、PID-5-BF 和 AUDIT 上的得分更高。回归分析表明，PID-5-BF 的对抗和去抑制维度、GACS 的预期和渴望分量表以及 AUDIT 的总分是青少年赌博参与的最佳预测指标。这些发现为青少年中问题性赌博、渴望、酒精消费和适应不良的人格特质之间的关联提供了首个实证证据。
