Sheehan Thomas J, Hamnett Hilary J, Beasley Richard, Fitzmaurice Paul S
Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand.
Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand.
Forensic Sci Res. 2018 Apr 12;4(2):168-178. doi: 10.1080/20961790.2018.1445937. eCollection 2019.
Studies have compared the chemical properties of tobacco smoke to those of cannabis smoke, with the objective of identifying the chemical attributes responsible for the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of cannabis smoke. Comparative studies have included small sample sizes and produced conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the major chemical and physical variations of cannabis smoke across a range of cannabis samples of different potencies and origins, sourced from the illegal market in New Zealand. Twelve cannabis samples were studied ranging from 1.0% to 13.4% delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (ΔTHC) content. A smoking machine was used to smoke "joints" (cannabis cigarettes) and the chemical/physical properties of the smoke assessed. The chemical constituents of the smoke extracts were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A range of different chemical constituents (in addition to ΔTHC) were identified and their concentrations estimated. Terpenoids were identified as the major variable in cannabis smoke, showing a 40-fold range in total terpenoid content. Analysis of the total particulate matter showed that significantly different levels of particulate matter were produced between the different cannabis samples, ranging from 14.6 to 66.3 mg/g of cannabis smoked. The ΔTHC delivery efficiency during smoking was also investigated and produced consistent results showing a mean and median of 12.6% and 10.8%, respectively, of the theoretically available ΔTHC (ranging from 7.2% to 28.0%).
已有研究对烟草烟雾和大麻烟雾的化学性质进行了比较，目的是确定导致大麻烟雾致突变性和致癌性的化学特性。比较研究的样本量较小，结果相互矛盾。本研究的目的是评估来自新西兰非法市场的一系列不同效力和来源的大麻样本所产生的大麻烟雾的主要化学和物理变化。研究了12个大麻样本，其δ-9-四氢大麻酚（ΔTHC）含量在1.0%至13.4%之间。使用吸烟机吸食“大麻烟”（大麻卷烟），并评估烟雾的化学/物理性质。通过气相色谱/质谱法分析烟雾提取物的化学成分。鉴定出一系列不同的化学成分（除了ΔTHC），并估计了它们的浓度。萜类化合物被确定为大麻烟雾中的主要变量，其总萜类化合物含量范围为40倍。对总颗粒物的分析表明，不同大麻样本产生的颗粒物水平存在显著差异，每克吸食的大麻产生的颗粒物含量在14.6至66.3毫克之间。还研究了吸烟过程中ΔTHC的递送效率，结果一致，理论上可获得的ΔTHC的平均递送效率和中位数分别为12.6%和10.8%（范围为7.2%至28.0%）。
