印度古吉拉特邦高血压患者自我报告的烟草成瘾模式研究
A Study on the Pattern of Self-reported Tobacco Addiction in Hypertensive Patients in Gujarat, India.
作者信息
Sarkar Amrita, Roy Debjit, Chauhan Meet, Makwana Naresh R, Parmar Dipesh V, Yadav Sudha
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Psychiatry, Niba Hospital, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
出版信息
Addict Health. 2019 Jan;11(1):35-42. doi: 10.22122/ahj.v11i1.223.
BACKGROUND
Both hypertension (HTN) and tobacco addiction pose a threat to the health, environment, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the people. When tobacco use disorder exists in people with HTN, it hastens the disease progress and causes early complications. The present study aimed to study the knowledge and practice of tobacco addiction in patients with HTN and find out the correlates of knowledge and practice of tobacco addiction.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year in the Jamnagar District of Western Gujarat, India. Out of total 400 samples, 50% were collected from the five selected Community Health Centers (CHCs) by random sampling and the rest from non-communicable disease (NCD) clinics at the tertiary care hospital of the district.
FINDINGS
Most of the patients were in their fifties or above (67.0%), women (57.0%), and married (86.5%). Only 12.0% had awareness about the hazards of tobacco addiction and the prevalence of tobacco addiction was 11%. It was found that use of smokeless tobacco (SLT) among samples was the highest (72.7%) followed by dual consumption, i.e., SLT and smoking (20.5%). The frequency of consumption was ≥ 5 times/day in 54.5%, 70.4% were addicted for > 10 years, and only 15.9% had ever tried to quit tobacco while only 11.4% had successfully quit it. It was seen that those who were aged < 50 years, men, literates, employed, and those belonging to higher SES and urban residence had better knowledge of the health hazards. This was found to have significant statistical association.
CONCLUSION
The results provide valuable insight into the tobacco addiction in patients with HTN on which non-pharmacological treatment of HTN can be based.
背景
高血压（HTN）和烟草成瘾均对人们的健康、环境及社会经济地位（SES）构成威胁。当高血压患者存在烟草使用障碍时，会加速疾病进展并引发早期并发症。本研究旨在探讨高血压患者对烟草成瘾的认知与行为，并找出烟草成瘾认知与行为的相关因素。
方法
在印度古吉拉特邦西部的贾姆讷格尔区进行了为期一年的横断面研究。在总共400个样本中，50%通过随机抽样从五个选定的社区卫生中心（CHC）收集，其余样本来自该地区三级护理医院的非传染性疾病（NCD）诊所。
研究结果
大多数患者年龄在五十岁及以上（67.0%），女性（57.0%），已婚（86.5%）。只有12.0%的人知晓烟草成瘾的危害，烟草成瘾患病率为11%。研究发现，样本中使用无烟烟草（SLT）的比例最高（72.7%），其次是双重消费，即使用无烟烟草和吸烟（20.5%）。54.5%的人消费频率≥每天5次，70.4%的人成瘾超过10年，只有15.9% 的人曾尝试戒烟，而成功戒烟的仅占11.4%。可以看出，年龄<50岁、男性、识字、就业、属于较高社会经济地位且居住在城市的人对健康危害的认知更好。这被发现具有显著的统计学关联。
结论
研究结果为高血压患者的烟草成瘾情况提供了有价值的见解，可为高血压的非药物治疗提供依据。
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