Chauhan Darshan, Patel Dhruv, Yogesh M, Trivedi Nidhi
Department of Community Medicine, Shri M P Shah Govt Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Oct 28;13:380. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1922_23. eCollection 2024.
Hypertension and tobacco addiction are two major public health challenges in India that frequently coexist. About 30% of Indian adults have hypertension, while over one-fourth use some form of tobacco. So, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco consumption and identify associated socio-demographic factors among hypertensive patients in urban India and also further explored patient perspectives regarding tobacco use through qualitative interviews.
This mixed-method study was conducted among 305 hypertensive adults recruited from an urban tertiary hospital using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Additionally, 15 tobacco-consuming patients were purposively sampled for in-depth interviews regarding perceptions and behaviors related to tobacco. Descriptive statistics and multi-variable logistic regression models were applied for quantitative analysis and thematic analysis for qualitative data.
The prevalence of ever tobacco use among hypertensive patients was 21%. Smokeless tobacco was the predominant form used. Male gender, urban locality, illiteracy, and lack of knowledge about tobacco hazards had a higher likelihood of tobacco consumption. Qualitative interviews provided complementary insights into triggers like peer influences and stress, barriers to quitting including withdrawal effects and system gaps, and participant perspectives on facilitating cessation.
Tobacco consumption among hypertensives is higher than national averages. Tailored educational, motivational, and policy-level interventions addressing gaps in knowledge, risk perceptions, addiction behaviors, and cessation support systems can enable the promotion of tobacco abstinence and hypertension control in this vulnerable sub-group. The multi-method data provide actionable inputs for planning targeted control and prevention strategies addressing this dual burden.
高血压和烟草成瘾是印度面临的两大主要公共卫生挑战，且常同时存在。约30%的印度成年人患有高血压，而超过四分之一的人使用某种形式的烟草。因此，本研究旨在确定印度城市高血压患者中烟草消费的患病率和模式，识别相关的社会人口学因素，并通过定性访谈进一步探讨患者对烟草使用的看法。
本混合方法研究对从一家城市三级医院招募的305名高血压成年人进行，使用访谈员 administered问卷。此外，有目的地抽取了15名烟草消费患者进行关于烟草相关认知和行为的深入访谈。描述性统计和多变量逻辑回归模型用于定量分析，定性数据采用主题分析。
高血压患者中曾经使用烟草的患病率为21%。无烟烟草是主要使用形式。男性、城市地区、文盲以及对烟草危害缺乏认识的人更有可能消费烟草。定性访谈提供了补充见解，涉及同伴影响和压力等触发因素、包括戒断效应和系统缺陷在内的戒烟障碍，以及参与者对促进戒烟的看法。
高血压患者中的烟草消费高于全国平均水平。针对知识、风险认知、成瘾行为和戒烟支持系统方面的差距，量身定制教育、激励和政策层面的干预措施，能够促进这一弱势群体戒烟和控制高血压。多方法数据为规划应对这一双重负担的针对性控制和预防策略提供了可操作的依据。
