Grupo de Investigación en Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
Vidarium-Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Grupo Empresarial Nutresa, Medellin, Colombia.
Gut Microbes. 2020;11(2):191-204. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1634416. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
Cardiometabolic affections greatly contribute to the global burden of disease. The susceptibility to obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes, conditions that add to the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), was associated with the ancestral genetic composition and gut microbiota. Studies explicitly testing associations between genetic ancestry and gut microbes are growing. We here examined whether the host genetic ancestry was associated with gut microbiota composition, and distinguished the effects of genetic ancestry and non-genetic factors on human cardiometabolic health. We performed a cross-sectional study with 441 community-dwelling Colombian mestizos from five cities spanning the Andes, Pacific, and Caribbean coasts. We characterized the host genetic ancestry by genotyping 40 ancestry informative markers; characterized gut microbiota through 16S rRNA gene sequencing; assessed diet intake, physical activity, cigarette, and medicament consumption; and measured cardiometabolic outcomes that allowed calculating a CMS risk scale. On average, each individual of our cohort was 67 ± 6% European, 21 ± 5% Native American and 12 ± 5% African. Multivariable-adjusted generalized linear models showed that individuals with higher Native American and African ancestries had increased fasting insulin, body mass index and CMS risk, as assessed by the CMS risk scale. Furthermore, we identified 21 OTUs associated to the host genetic ancestry and 20 to cardiometabolic health. While we highlight novel associations between genetic ancestry and gut microbiota, we found that the effect of intestinal microbes was more likely to explain the variance in CMS risk scale than the contributions of European, Native American and African genetic backgrounds.
代谢相关疾病严重影响全球疾病负担。肥胖、心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病等疾病易感性与祖先遗传组成和肠道微生物群有关，这些疾病都属于代谢综合征（CMS）。越来越多的研究明确检测了遗传祖先与肠道微生物之间的关联。我们在这里研究了宿主遗传祖先是否与肠道微生物群落组成有关，并区分了遗传祖先和非遗传因素对人类代谢健康的影响。我们进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了来自安第斯山脉、太平洋和加勒比海岸五个城市的 441 名社区居住的哥伦比亚混血儿。我们通过对 40 个遗传信息标记进行基因分型来确定宿主遗传祖先；通过 16S rRNA 基因测序来描述肠道微生物群；评估饮食摄入、体力活动、吸烟和药物使用；并测量代谢相关的结果，以计算 CMS 风险评分。在我们的队列中，平均每个个体的欧洲血统为 67 ± 6%，美洲原住民血统为 21 ± 5%，非洲血统为 12 ± 5%。多变量调整的广义线性模型显示，具有较高美洲原住民和非洲血统的个体空腹胰岛素、体重指数和 CMS 风险较高，这可通过 CMS 风险评分来评估。此外，我们鉴定出 21 个与宿主遗传祖先相关的 OTUs 和 20 个与代谢健康相关的 OTUs。虽然我们强调了遗传祖先与肠道微生物群之间的新关联，但我们发现肠道微生物的影响比欧洲、美洲原住民和非洲遗传背景的贡献更有可能解释 CMS 风险评分的差异。
