Assana Emmanuel, Awah-Ndukum Julius, Djonmaïla Justin D, Zoli André Pagnah
University of Ngaoundéré, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
University of Ngaoundéré, School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon; University of Dschang, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Science, P.O. Box 222 Dschang, Cameroon.
Prev Vet Med. 2019 Aug 1;169:104690. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104690. Epub 2019 May 16.
Taenia solium, a zoonotic tapeworm species of human and pigs, has been targeted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for elimination in endemic areas of Africa, Latin America and some parts of Asia. Unfortunately, the assessment of control measures against T. solium is complicated by the lack of specificity of current immunodiagnostic techniques for diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis. Many authors have concluded that the prevalence of T. hydatigena in pigs in Africa is low and extensive epidemiological studies on T. solium cysticercosis in pigs have been carried out using serological tests that cannot differentiate the taeniid species. To estimate and compare the prevalence of T. solium and T. hydatigena in pigs in Cameroon, we examined 416 slaughtered pigs at a pig abattoir in Yaoundé city with the animals originating from several parts of the country. At post-mortem inspection, 35 pigs (8.4%; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 5.9-11.5 %) were found infected exclusively with T. solium and 27 (6.5%; 95% CI, 4.3-9.3 %) infected exclusively with T. hydatigena metacestodes. One animal was infected with T. solium and T. hydatigena. A stochastic simulation model which took into account the sensitivity of dissection of the tongue, external masseters and heart for diagnosis of T. solium porcine cysticercosis (TMH dissection test) and examination of mesentery, surfaces of the intestines and liver to identify T. hydatigena cysticerci in slaughtered pigs was developed to estimate the prevalence of these taeniid species. The results revealed that the actual prevalence of T. solium and T. hydatigena in Cameroon were 24.8% (95% CI, 20.1-30.5%) and 19.2% (95% CI, 15.1-24.1%), respectively. This study reports the highest porcine T. hydatigena prevalence ever in Africa and adjusted the prevalence of porcine T. solium infection obtained with genus-specific Ag-ELISA (Dorny et al., 2000) in Cameroon due to the presence of T. hydatigena.
猪带绦虫是一种人和猪共患的绦虫，世界卫生组织（WHO）已将其作为非洲、拉丁美洲和亚洲部分流行地区的消除目标。不幸的是，由于目前用于诊断猪囊尾蚴病的免疫诊断技术缺乏特异性，对猪带绦虫控制措施的评估变得复杂。许多作者得出结论，非洲猪体内泡状带绦虫的流行率较低，并且已经使用无法区分带绦虫种类的血清学检测方法对猪带绦虫囊尾蚴病进行了广泛的流行病学研究。为了估计和比较喀麦隆猪体内猪带绦虫和泡状带绦虫的流行率，我们在雅温得市的一家猪屠宰场检查了416头屠宰猪，这些猪来自该国的几个地区。在尸检时，发现35头猪（8.4%；95%置信区间（CI），5.9 - 11.5%）仅感染猪带绦虫，27头猪（6.5%；95%CI，4.3 - 9.3%）仅感染泡状带绦虫的中绦期幼虫。有一头动物同时感染了猪带绦虫和泡状带绦虫。开发了一个随机模拟模型，该模型考虑了通过解剖舌头、咬肌外部和心脏来诊断猪带绦虫猪囊尾蚴病（TMH解剖试验）以及检查肠系膜、肠表面和肝脏以识别屠宰猪体内泡状带绦虫囊尾蚴的敏感性，以估计这些带绦虫种类的流行率。结果显示，喀麦隆猪带绦虫和泡状带绦虫的实际流行率分别为24.8%（95%CI，20.1 - 30.5%）和19.2%（95%CI，15.1 - 24.1%）。本研究报告了非洲有史以来最高的猪泡状带绦虫流行率，并由于泡状带绦虫的存在，对喀麦隆使用属特异性抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法（Dorny等人，2000年）获得的猪带绦虫感染流行率进行了调整。
