Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea.
J Infect Chemother. 2019 Nov;25(11):845-859. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.06.010. Epub 2019 Jul 13.
At the end of 2015, a global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was proposed by the World Health Organization, and the Global AMR Surveillance System (GLASS) was subsequently initiated. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of South Korea established a customized AMR surveillance system for South Korea, called Kor-GLASS, in early 2016. A pilot phase of Kor-GLASS was operated from May to December 2016 with six sentinel hospitals, and phase I of Kor-GLASS started in January 2017 with eight sentinel hospitals. Previous surveillance data for overestimated AMR due to duplicate isolation of drug-resistant pathogens were corrected and error-free AMR data were compared with those from other countries. One-half (53.2%, 377/708) of Staphylococcus aureus blood strains exhibited resistance to cefoxitin, indicating methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Resistance to ampicillin in Enterococcus faecalis blood strains was rare (0.6%, 1/175), while the resistance rate to penicillin was 26.3% (46/175). Resistance to vancomycin (34.0%, 98/288) and teicoplanin (18.8%, 98/288) was frequently observed in Enterococcus faecium strains. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli strains to cefotaxime was 32.4% (574/1772), and that of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains was 26.1% (181/693). The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to imipenem and meropenem were 19.5% (29/149) and 18.1% (27/149), respectively. And 92.1% (187/203) of Acinetobacter baumannii strains were resistant to both imipenem and meropenem. The high incidence of bacteremia caused by major AMR pathogens among hospitalized patients especially in intensive care units emphasized the importance of hospital infection control and the need to improve the crowded hospitalization system in South Korea. The isolation rate of the Salmonella spp. is decreasing, reflecting the current socio-economic status of South Korea. The proportions of bacterial species in the blood strains were similar to those in other Asian countries with similar lifestyles.
2015 年底，世界卫生组织提出了一项关于抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的全球行动计划，随后启动了全球抗菌药物耐药性监测系统（GLASS）。韩国疾病控制与预防中心于 2016 年初为韩国建立了一个名为 Kor-GLASS 的定制 AMR 监测系统。Kor-GLASS 的试点阶段于 2016 年 5 月至 12 月在六家监测医院进行，第一阶段于 2017 年 1 月在八家监测医院开始。由于耐药病原体的重复分离，先前的监测数据高估了 AMR，现已进行了修正，并将无错误的 AMR 数据与其他国家进行了比较。金黄色葡萄球菌血菌株中有一半（53.2%，377/708）对头孢西丁表现出耐药性，表明耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。粪肠球菌血菌株对氨苄西林的耐药率罕见（0.6%，1/175），而对青霉素的耐药率为 26.3%（46/175）。屎肠球菌对万古霉素（34.0%，98/288）和替考拉宁（18.8%，98/288）的耐药率较高。大肠埃希菌对头孢噻肟的耐药率为 32.4%（574/1772），肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率为 26.1%（181/693）。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为 19.5%（29/149）和 18.1%（27/149）。鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率均为 92.1%（187/203）。住院患者中主要 AMR 病原体引起的菌血症发生率较高，尤其是在重症监护病房，这强调了医院感染控制的重要性，需要改善韩国拥挤的住院系统。沙门氏菌的分离率正在下降，反映了韩国当前的社会经济状况。血菌株中细菌种类的比例与其他生活方式相似的亚洲国家相似。
