Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Groundwater Ecology, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2019 Jul 16;9(1):10318. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46560-7.
Here we describe a unique microbial biotechnology for simultaneous bioremediation and biomining of twelve ionic metals overcoming the obstacles of multimetal toxicity to microbes. After a thorough search of key microorganisms in microbiomes of many sulfidic springs in Bavaria (Germany) over an area of 200 km, we found three new strains EH8, EH10 and EH11 of Mucor hiemalis physiologically compatible and capable of multimetal-remediation and enrichment. We combined the multimetal-resistance, hyper-accumulation and elicitation power of EH8, EH10 and EH11 to develop a novel biotechnology for simultaneous removal, fractionation and enrichment of metal ions. As a first step we showed the intracellular fixing and deposition of mercury as nanospheres in EH8's sporangiospores. Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray analysis revealed binding and precipitation of other applied metal ions as spherical nano-particles (~50-100 nm) at the outer electro-negative cellwall-surface of EH8, EH10 and EH11 sporangiospores. Microbiomes, germinated spores and dead insoluble cellwalls of these strains removed >81-99% of applied Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn simultaneously and furthermore enriched precious Ag, Au and Ti from water all within 48 h, demonstrating the potential of new biotechnologies for safe-guarding our environment from metal pollution and concentrating precious diluted, ionic metals.
在这里，我们描述了一种独特的微生物生物技术，用于同时进行十二种离子金属的生物修复和生物浸出，克服了多种金属对微生物毒性的障碍。在对德国巴伐利亚（德国） 200 公里范围内的许多硫化泉微生物组中的关键微生物进行了彻底搜索后，我们发现了三种新的毛霉属菌株 EH8、EH10 和 EH11，它们在生理上是兼容的，能够进行多金属修复和富集。我们结合了 EH8、EH10 和 EH11 的多金属抗性、超积累能力和激发能力，开发了一种用于同时去除、分级和富集金属离子的新型生物技术。作为第一步，我们展示了 EH8 的孢子囊孢子中汞的细胞内固定和沉积为纳米球。扫描电子显微镜-能量色散 X 射线分析显示，其他应用的金属离子在 EH8、EH10 和 EH11 孢子囊孢子的外电负性细胞壁表面以球形纳米颗粒（~50-100nm）的形式结合和沉淀。这些菌株的微生物组、发芽孢子和不可溶细胞壁在 48 小时内同时去除了 >81-99%的应用的 Al、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、U 和 Zn，并且还从水中富集了宝贵的 Ag、Au 和 Ti，证明了新技术的潜力，这些技术可以保护我们的环境免受金属污染，并浓缩珍贵的稀释离子金属。
