南卡罗来纳州艾滋病毒刑事定罪的历史和现状：对南部艾滋病毒流行的影响。
Historical and Current Trends in HIV Criminalization in South Carolina: Implications for the Southern HIV Epidemic.
机构信息
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice and SC SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Currell College, University of South Carolina, 1305 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Discovery I, Office #413, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
出版信息
AIDS Behav. 2019 Oct;23(Suppl 3):233-241. doi: 10.1007/s10461-019-02599-1.
In the 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) criminalization laws became widespread across the United States. Today, such laws continue to be used to prosecute people living with HIV for a variety of behaviors though there is limited evidence that doing so curbs HIV transmission. HIV criminalization remains understudied, especially in the Deep South. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to trace the emergence, maintenance, and enforcement of HIV criminalization laws in South Carolina-a Southern state disproportionately burdened by HIV. Specifically, Nexis Uni and other criminology databases were used to identify HIV-related laws and criminal cases in South Carolina. Results indicate that the state's criminalization laws have remained nearly unchanged for over 30 years and continue to be used to prosecute individuals, a majority of whom are African-American. Findings support the need to reconsider HIV-related laws and devote more efforts to studying the impact of HIV criminalization on the Southern epidemic.
20 世纪 80 年代，艾滋病毒（HIV）刑事定罪法在美国各地广泛传播。如今，尽管有有限的证据表明这样做可以遏制艾滋病毒的传播，但仍有许多法律继续被用来起诉艾滋病毒感染者的各种行为。HIV 刑事定罪仍然研究不足，尤其是在南部腹地。因此，本文的目的是追溯 HIV 刑事定罪法在南卡罗来纳州（一个受艾滋病毒影响不成比例的南部州）的出现、维持和执行情况。具体来说，使用了 Nexis Uni 和其他犯罪学数据库来确定南卡罗来纳州的与 HIV 相关的法律和刑事案件。结果表明，该州的刑事定罪法 30 多年来几乎没有变化，并继续被用来起诉大多数为非裔美国人的个人。研究结果支持有必要重新考虑与 HIV 相关的法律，并投入更多精力研究 HIV 刑事定罪对南部疫情的影响。
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